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//===-- RegAllocBasic.cpp - Basic Register Allocator ----------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file defines the RABasic function pass, which provides a minimal
// implementation of the basic register allocator.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "AllocationOrder.h"
#include "LiveDebugVariables.h"
#include "RegAllocBase.h"
#include "Spiller.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/CalcSpillWeights.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/LiveIntervals.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/LiveRangeEdit.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/LiveRegMatrix.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/LiveStacks.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineBlockFrequencyInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunctionPass.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineInstr.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineLoopInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineRegisterInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/RegAllocRegistry.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetRegisterInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/VirtRegMap.h"
#include "llvm/PassAnalysisSupport.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include <cstdlib>
#include <queue>
using namespace llvm;
#define DEBUG_TYPE "regalloc"
static RegisterRegAlloc basicRegAlloc("basic", "basic register allocator",
createBasicRegisterAllocator);
namespace {
struct CompSpillWeight {
bool operator()(LiveInterval *A, LiveInterval *B) const {
return A->weight < B->weight;
}
};
}
namespace {
/// RABasic provides a minimal implementation of the basic register allocation
/// algorithm. It prioritizes live virtual registers by spill weight and spills
/// whenever a register is unavailable. This is not practical in production but
/// provides a useful baseline both for measuring other allocators and comparing
/// the speed of the basic algorithm against other styles of allocators.
class RABasic : public MachineFunctionPass,
public RegAllocBase,
private LiveRangeEdit::Delegate {
// context
MachineFunction *MF;
// state
std::unique_ptr<Spiller> SpillerInstance;
std::priority_queue<LiveInterval*, std::vector<LiveInterval*>,
CompSpillWeight> Queue;
// Scratch space. Allocated here to avoid repeated malloc calls in
// selectOrSplit().
BitVector UsableRegs;
bool LRE_CanEraseVirtReg(unsigned) override;
void LRE_WillShrinkVirtReg(unsigned) override;
public:
RABasic();
/// Return the pass name.
StringRef getPassName() const override { return "Basic Register Allocator"; }
/// RABasic analysis usage.
void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override;
void releaseMemory() override;
Spiller &spiller() override { return *SpillerInstance; }
void enqueue(LiveInterval *LI) override {
Queue.push(LI);
}
LiveInterval *dequeue() override {
if (Queue.empty())
return nullptr;
LiveInterval *LI = Queue.top();
Queue.pop();
return LI;
}
unsigned selectOrSplit(LiveInterval &VirtReg,
SmallVectorImpl<unsigned> &SplitVRegs) override;
/// Perform register allocation.
bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &mf) override;
MachineFunctionProperties getRequiredProperties() const override {
return MachineFunctionProperties().set(
MachineFunctionProperties::Property::NoPHIs);
}
// Helper for spilling all live virtual registers currently unified under preg
// that interfere with the most recently queried lvr. Return true if spilling
// was successful, and append any new spilled/split intervals to splitLVRs.
bool spillInterferences(LiveInterval &VirtReg, unsigned PhysReg,
SmallVectorImpl<unsigned> &SplitVRegs);
static char ID;
};
char RABasic::ID = 0;
} // end anonymous namespace
char &llvm::RABasicID = RABasic::ID;
INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(RABasic, "regallocbasic", "Basic Register Allocator",
false, false)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(LiveDebugVariables)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(SlotIndexes)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(LiveIntervals)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(RegisterCoalescer)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(MachineScheduler)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(LiveStacks)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(MachineDominatorTree)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(MachineLoopInfo)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(VirtRegMap)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(LiveRegMatrix)
INITIALIZE_PASS_END(RABasic, "regallocbasic", "Basic Register Allocator", false,
false)
bool RABasic::LRE_CanEraseVirtReg(unsigned VirtReg) {
LiveInterval &LI = LIS->getInterval(VirtReg);
if (VRM->hasPhys(VirtReg)) {
Matrix->unassign(LI);
aboutToRemoveInterval(LI);
return true;
}
// Unassigned virtreg is probably in the priority queue.
// RegAllocBase will erase it after dequeueing.
// Nonetheless, clear the live-range so that the debug
// dump will show the right state for that VirtReg.
LI.clear();
return false;
}
void RABasic::LRE_WillShrinkVirtReg(unsigned VirtReg) {
if (!VRM->hasPhys(VirtReg))
return;
// Register is assigned, put it back on the queue for reassignment.
LiveInterval &LI = LIS->getInterval(VirtReg);
Matrix->unassign(LI);
enqueue(&LI);
}
RABasic::RABasic(): MachineFunctionPass(ID) {
}
void RABasic::getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const {
AU.setPreservesCFG();
AU.addRequired<AAResultsWrapperPass>();
AU.addPreserved<AAResultsWrapperPass>();
AU.addRequired<LiveIntervals>();
AU.addPreserved<LiveIntervals>();
AU.addPreserved<SlotIndexes>();
AU.addRequired<LiveDebugVariables>();
AU.addPreserved<LiveDebugVariables>();
AU.addRequired<LiveStacks>();
AU.addPreserved<LiveStacks>();
AU.addRequired<MachineBlockFrequencyInfo>();
AU.addPreserved<MachineBlockFrequencyInfo>();
AU.addRequiredID(MachineDominatorsID);
AU.addPreservedID(MachineDominatorsID);
AU.addRequired<MachineLoopInfo>();
AU.addPreserved<MachineLoopInfo>();
AU.addRequired<VirtRegMap>();
AU.addPreserved<VirtRegMap>();
AU.addRequired<LiveRegMatrix>();
AU.addPreserved<LiveRegMatrix>();
MachineFunctionPass::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
}
void RABasic::releaseMemory() {
SpillerInstance.reset();
}
// Spill or split all live virtual registers currently unified under PhysReg
// that interfere with VirtReg. The newly spilled or split live intervals are
// returned by appending them to SplitVRegs.
bool RABasic::spillInterferences(LiveInterval &VirtReg, unsigned PhysReg,
SmallVectorImpl<unsigned> &SplitVRegs) {
// Record each interference and determine if all are spillable before mutating
// either the union or live intervals.
SmallVector<LiveInterval*, 8> Intfs;
// Collect interferences assigned to any alias of the physical register.
for (MCRegUnitIterator Units(PhysReg, TRI); Units.isValid(); ++Units) {
LiveIntervalUnion::Query &Q = Matrix->query(VirtReg, *Units);
Q.collectInterferingVRegs();
for (unsigned i = Q.interferingVRegs().size(); i; --i) {
LiveInterval *Intf = Q.interferingVRegs()[i - 1];
if (!Intf->isSpillable() || Intf->weight > VirtReg.weight)
return false;
Intfs.push_back(Intf);
}
}
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "spilling " << printReg(PhysReg, TRI)
<< " interferences with " << VirtReg << "\n");
assert(!Intfs.empty() && "expected interference");
// Spill each interfering vreg allocated to PhysReg or an alias.
for (unsigned i = 0, e = Intfs.size(); i != e; ++i) {
LiveInterval &Spill = *Intfs[i];
// Skip duplicates.
if (!VRM->hasPhys(Spill.reg))
continue;
// Deallocate the interfering vreg by removing it from the union.
// A LiveInterval instance may not be in a union during modification!
Matrix->unassign(Spill);
// Spill the extracted interval.
LiveRangeEdit LRE(&Spill, SplitVRegs, *MF, *LIS, VRM, this, &DeadRemats);
spiller().spill(LRE);
}
return true;
}
// Driver for the register assignment and splitting heuristics.
// Manages iteration over the LiveIntervalUnions.
//
// This is a minimal implementation of register assignment and splitting that
// spills whenever we run out of registers.
//
// selectOrSplit can only be called once per live virtual register. We then do a
// single interference test for each register the correct class until we find an
// available register. So, the number of interference tests in the worst case is
// |vregs| * |machineregs|. And since the number of interference tests is
// minimal, there is no value in caching them outside the scope of
// selectOrSplit().
unsigned RABasic::selectOrSplit(LiveInterval &VirtReg,
SmallVectorImpl<unsigned> &SplitVRegs) {
// Populate a list of physical register spill candidates.
SmallVector<unsigned, 8> PhysRegSpillCands;
// Check for an available register in this class.
AllocationOrder Order(VirtReg.reg, *VRM, RegClassInfo, Matrix);
while (unsigned PhysReg = Order.next()) {
// Check for interference in PhysReg
switch (Matrix->checkInterference(VirtReg, PhysReg)) {
case LiveRegMatrix::IK_Free:
// PhysReg is available, allocate it.
return PhysReg;
case LiveRegMatrix::IK_VirtReg:
// Only virtual registers in the way, we may be able to spill them.
PhysRegSpillCands.push_back(PhysReg);
continue;
default:
// RegMask or RegUnit interference.
continue;
}
}
// Try to spill another interfering reg with less spill weight.
for (SmallVectorImpl<unsigned>::iterator PhysRegI = PhysRegSpillCands.begin(),
PhysRegE = PhysRegSpillCands.end(); PhysRegI != PhysRegE; ++PhysRegI) {
if (!spillInterferences(VirtReg, *PhysRegI, SplitVRegs))
continue;
assert(!Matrix->checkInterference(VirtReg, *PhysRegI) &&
"Interference after spill.");
// Tell the caller to allocate to this newly freed physical register.
return *PhysRegI;
}
// No other spill candidates were found, so spill the current VirtReg.
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "spilling: " << VirtReg << '\n');
if (!VirtReg.isSpillable())
return ~0u;
LiveRangeEdit LRE(&VirtReg, SplitVRegs, *MF, *LIS, VRM, this, &DeadRemats);
spiller().spill(LRE);
// The live virtual register requesting allocation was spilled, so tell
// the caller not to allocate anything during this round.
return 0;
}
bool RABasic::runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &mf) {
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "********** BASIC REGISTER ALLOCATION **********\n"
<< "********** Function: " << mf.getName() << '\n');
MF = &mf;
RegAllocBase::init(getAnalysis<VirtRegMap>(),
getAnalysis<LiveIntervals>(),
getAnalysis<LiveRegMatrix>());
calculateSpillWeightsAndHints(*LIS, *MF, VRM,
getAnalysis<MachineLoopInfo>(),
getAnalysis<MachineBlockFrequencyInfo>());
SpillerInstance.reset(createInlineSpiller(*this, *MF, *VRM));
allocatePhysRegs();
postOptimization();
// Diagnostic output before rewriting
LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Post alloc VirtRegMap:\n" << *VRM << "\n");
releaseMemory();
return true;
}
FunctionPass* llvm::createBasicRegisterAllocator()
{
return new RABasic();
}