[NFC] Better encapsulation of llvm::Optional Storage

Second attempt, trying to navigate out of the UB zone using
union for storage instead of raw bytes.

I'm prepared to revert that commit as soon as validation breaks,
which is likely to happen.



git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@354238 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8
diff --git a/include/llvm/ADT/Optional.h b/include/llvm/ADT/Optional.h
index 25a3185..53f028f 100644
--- a/include/llvm/ADT/Optional.h
+++ b/include/llvm/ADT/Optional.h
@@ -29,83 +29,89 @@
 class raw_ostream;
 
 namespace optional_detail {
+
+struct in_place_t {};
+
 /// Storage for any type.
-template <typename T, bool = is_trivially_copyable<T>::value> struct OptionalStorage {
-  AlignedCharArrayUnion<T> storage;
-  bool hasVal = false;
+template <typename T, bool = is_trivially_copyable<T>::value>
+class OptionalStorage {
+  union {
+    char empty;
+    T value;
+  };
+  bool hasVal;
 
-  OptionalStorage() = default;
-
-  OptionalStorage(const T &y) : hasVal(true) { new (storage.buffer) T(y); }
-  OptionalStorage(const OptionalStorage &O) : hasVal(O.hasVal) {
-    if (hasVal)
-      new (storage.buffer) T(*O.getPointer());
-  }
-  OptionalStorage(T &&y) : hasVal(true) {
-    new (storage.buffer) T(std::forward<T>(y));
-  }
-  OptionalStorage(OptionalStorage &&O) : hasVal(O.hasVal) {
-    if (O.hasVal) {
-      new (storage.buffer) T(std::move(*O.getPointer()));
-    }
-  }
-
-  OptionalStorage &operator=(T &&y) {
-    if (hasVal)
-      *getPointer() = std::move(y);
-    else {
-      new (storage.buffer) T(std::move(y));
-      hasVal = true;
-    }
-    return *this;
-  }
-  OptionalStorage &operator=(OptionalStorage &&O) {
-    if (!O.hasVal)
-      reset();
-    else {
-      *this = std::move(*O.getPointer());
-    }
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  // FIXME: these assignments (& the equivalent const T&/const Optional& ctors)
-  // could be made more efficient by passing by value, possibly unifying them
-  // with the rvalue versions above - but this could place a different set of
-  // requirements (notably: the existence of a default ctor) when implemented
-  // in that way. Careful SFINAE to avoid such pitfalls would be required.
-  OptionalStorage &operator=(const T &y) {
-    if (hasVal)
-      *getPointer() = y;
-    else {
-      new (storage.buffer) T(y);
-      hasVal = true;
-    }
-    return *this;
-  }
-  OptionalStorage &operator=(const OptionalStorage &O) {
-    if (!O.hasVal)
-      reset();
-    else
-      *this = *O.getPointer();
-    return *this;
-  }
-
+public:
   ~OptionalStorage() { reset(); }
 
-  void reset() {
+  OptionalStorage() noexcept : empty(), hasVal(false) {}
+
+  OptionalStorage(OptionalStorage const &other) : OptionalStorage() {
+    if (other.hasValue()) {
+      emplace(other.value);
+    }
+  }
+  OptionalStorage(OptionalStorage &&other) : OptionalStorage() {
+    if (other.hasValue()) {
+      emplace(std::move(other.value));
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <class... Args>
+  explicit OptionalStorage(in_place_t, Args &&... args)
+      : value(std::forward<Args>(args)...), hasVal(true) {}
+
+  void reset() noexcept {
     if (hasVal) {
-      (*getPointer()).~T();
+      value.~T();
       hasVal = false;
     }
   }
 
-  T *getPointer() {
+  bool hasValue() const noexcept { return hasVal; }
+
+  T &getValue() LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION noexcept {
     assert(hasVal);
-    return reinterpret_cast<T *>(storage.buffer);
+    return value;
   }
-  const T *getPointer() const {
+  T const &getValue() const LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION noexcept {
     assert(hasVal);
-    return reinterpret_cast<const T *>(storage.buffer);
+    return value;
+  }
+#if LLVM_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCE_THIS
+  T &&getValue() && noexcept {
+    assert(hasVal);
+    return std::move(value);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  template <class... Args> void emplace(Args &&... args) {
+    reset();
+    ::new ((void *)std::addressof(value)) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+    hasVal = true;
+  }
+
+  OptionalStorage &operator=(T const &y) {
+    return (*this) = OptionalStorage(in_place_t{}, y);
+  }
+  OptionalStorage &operator=(T &&y) {
+    return (*this) = OptionalStorage(in_place_t{}, std::move(y));
+  }
+
+  OptionalStorage &operator=(OptionalStorage const &other) {
+    if (other.hasValue())
+      emplace(other.getValue());
+    else
+      reset();
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  OptionalStorage &operator=(OptionalStorage &&other) {
+    if (other.hasValue())
+      emplace(std::move(other).getValue());
+    else
+      reset();
+    return *this;
   }
 };
 
@@ -120,10 +126,10 @@
   constexpr Optional() {}
   constexpr Optional(NoneType) {}
 
-  Optional(const T &y) : Storage(y) {}
+  Optional(const T &y) : Storage(optional_detail::in_place_t{}, y) {}
   Optional(const Optional &O) = default;
 
-  Optional(T &&y) : Storage(std::forward<T>(y)) {}
+  Optional(T &&y) : Storage(optional_detail::in_place_t{}, std::move(y)) {}
   Optional(Optional &&O) = default;
 
   Optional &operator=(T &&y) {
@@ -134,9 +140,7 @@
 
   /// Create a new object by constructing it in place with the given arguments.
   template <typename... ArgTypes> void emplace(ArgTypes &&... Args) {
-    reset();
-    Storage.hasVal = true;
-    new (getPointer()) T(std::forward<ArgTypes>(Args)...);
+    Storage.emplace(std::forward<ArgTypes>(Args)...);
   }
 
   static inline Optional create(const T *y) {
@@ -151,23 +155,17 @@
 
   void reset() { Storage.reset(); }
 
-  const T *getPointer() const {
-    assert(Storage.hasVal);
-    return reinterpret_cast<const T *>(Storage.storage.buffer);
-  }
-  T *getPointer() {
-    assert(Storage.hasVal);
-    return reinterpret_cast<T *>(Storage.storage.buffer);
-  }
-  const T &getValue() const LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION { return *getPointer(); }
-  T &getValue() LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION { return *getPointer(); }
+  const T *getPointer() const { return &Storage.getValue(); }
+  T *getPointer() { return &Storage.getValue(); }
+  const T &getValue() const LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION { return Storage.getValue(); }
+  T &getValue() LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION { return Storage.getValue(); }
 
-  explicit operator bool() const { return Storage.hasVal; }
-  bool hasValue() const { return Storage.hasVal; }
+  explicit operator bool() const { return hasValue(); }
+  bool hasValue() const { return Storage.hasValue(); }
   const T *operator->() const { return getPointer(); }
   T *operator->() { return getPointer(); }
-  const T &operator*() const LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION { return *getPointer(); }
-  T &operator*() LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION { return *getPointer(); }
+  const T &operator*() const LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION { return getValue(); }
+  T &operator*() LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION { return getValue(); }
 
   template <typename U>
   constexpr T getValueOr(U &&value) const LLVM_LVALUE_FUNCTION {
@@ -175,8 +173,8 @@
   }
 
 #if LLVM_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCE_THIS
-  T &&getValue() && { return std::move(*getPointer()); }
-  T &&operator*() && { return std::move(*getPointer()); }
+  T &&getValue() && { return std::move(Storage).getValue(); }
+  T &&operator*() && { return std::move(Storage).getValue(); }
 
   template <typename U>
   T getValueOr(U &&value) && {