[AMDGPU] Add disassembler diagnostics for invalid kernel descriptors  (#87400)

These mostly are checking for various reserved bits being set. The diagnostics
for gpu-dependent reserved bits have a bit more context since they seem like the
most likely ones to be observed in practice.

This commit also improves the error handling mechanism for
MCDisassembler::onSymbolStart(). Previously it had a comment stream parameter
that was just being ignored by llvm-objdump, now it returns errors using
Expected<T>.
GitOrigin-RevId: 68e814d9114b6c8910642298714dad6fa79ccad2
9 files changed