[libc] Add missing `dl_iterate_phdr` dependencies to avoid spurious build failures (#201574)

Example:
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/actions/runs/26945498241/job/79504837451?pr=201452

"Spurious" means, in this case, that the build may succeed or fail
depending on whether the files were generated before the dependent is
built.

GitOrigin-RevId: 3ab0c5109ed2bfe3baffbd8f62cd85de3983daab