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//===--- ParseInit.cpp - Initializer Parsing ------------------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file implements initializer parsing as specified by C99 6.7.8.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "clang/Basic/TokenKinds.h"
#include "clang/Parse/ParseDiagnostic.h"
#include "clang/Parse/Parser.h"
#include "clang/Parse/RAIIObjectsForParser.h"
#include "clang/Sema/Designator.h"
#include "clang/Sema/EnterExpressionEvaluationContext.h"
#include "clang/Sema/Ownership.h"
#include "clang/Sema/Scope.h"
#include "clang/Sema/SemaCodeCompletion.h"
#include "clang/Sema/SemaObjC.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
using namespace clang;
/// MayBeDesignationStart - Return true if the current token might be the start
/// of a designator. If we can tell it is impossible that it is a designator,
/// return false.
bool Parser::MayBeDesignationStart() {
switch (Tok.getKind()) {
default:
return false;
case tok::period: // designator: '.' identifier
return true;
case tok::l_square: { // designator: array-designator
if (!PP.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus)
return true;
// C++11 lambda expressions and C99 designators can be ambiguous all the
// way through the closing ']' and to the next character. Handle the easy
// cases here, and fall back to tentative parsing if those fail.
switch (PP.LookAhead(0).getKind()) {
case tok::equal:
case tok::ellipsis:
case tok::r_square:
// Definitely starts a lambda expression.
return false;
case tok::amp:
case tok::kw_this:
case tok::star:
case tok::identifier:
// We have to do additional analysis, because these could be the
// start of a constant expression or a lambda capture list.
break;
default:
// Anything not mentioned above cannot occur following a '[' in a
// lambda expression.
return true;
}
// Handle the complicated case below.
break;
}
case tok::identifier: // designation: identifier ':'
return PP.LookAhead(0).is(tok::colon);
}
// Parse up to (at most) the token after the closing ']' to determine
// whether this is a C99 designator or a lambda.
RevertingTentativeParsingAction Tentative(*this);
LambdaIntroducer Intro;
LambdaIntroducerTentativeParse ParseResult;
if (ParseLambdaIntroducer(Intro, &ParseResult)) {
// Hit and diagnosed an error in a lambda.
// FIXME: Tell the caller this happened so they can recover.
return true;
}
switch (ParseResult) {
case LambdaIntroducerTentativeParse::Success:
case LambdaIntroducerTentativeParse::Incomplete:
// Might be a lambda-expression. Keep looking.
// FIXME: If our tentative parse was not incomplete, parse the lambda from
// here rather than throwing away then reparsing the LambdaIntroducer.
break;
case LambdaIntroducerTentativeParse::MessageSend:
case LambdaIntroducerTentativeParse::Invalid:
// Can't be a lambda-expression. Treat it as a designator.
// FIXME: Should we disambiguate against a message-send?
return true;
}
// Once we hit the closing square bracket, we look at the next
// token. If it's an '=', this is a designator. Otherwise, it's a
// lambda expression. This decision favors lambdas over the older
// GNU designator syntax, which allows one to omit the '=', but is
// consistent with GCC.
return Tok.is(tok::equal);
}
static void CheckArrayDesignatorSyntax(Parser &P, SourceLocation Loc,
Designation &Desig) {
// If we have exactly one array designator, this used the GNU
// 'designation: array-designator' extension, otherwise there should be no
// designators at all!
if (Desig.getNumDesignators() == 1 &&
(Desig.getDesignator(0).isArrayDesignator() ||
Desig.getDesignator(0).isArrayRangeDesignator()))
P.Diag(Loc, diag::ext_gnu_missing_equal_designator);
else if (Desig.getNumDesignators() > 0)
P.Diag(Loc, diag::err_expected_equal_designator);
}
/// ParseInitializerWithPotentialDesignator - Parse the 'initializer' production
/// checking to see if the token stream starts with a designator.
///
/// C99:
///
/// designation:
/// designator-list '='
/// [GNU] array-designator
/// [GNU] identifier ':'
///
/// designator-list:
/// designator
/// designator-list designator
///
/// designator:
/// array-designator
/// '.' identifier
///
/// array-designator:
/// '[' constant-expression ']'
/// [GNU] '[' constant-expression '...' constant-expression ']'
///
/// C++20:
///
/// designated-initializer-list:
/// designated-initializer-clause
/// designated-initializer-list ',' designated-initializer-clause
///
/// designated-initializer-clause:
/// designator brace-or-equal-initializer
///
/// designator:
/// '.' identifier
///
/// We allow the C99 syntax extensions in C++20, but do not allow the C++20
/// extension (a braced-init-list after the designator with no '=') in C99.
///
/// NOTE: [OBC] allows '[ objc-receiver objc-message-args ]' as an
/// initializer (because it is an expression). We need to consider this case
/// when parsing array designators.
///
/// \p CodeCompleteCB is called with Designation parsed so far.
ExprResult Parser::ParseInitializerWithPotentialDesignator(
DesignatorCompletionInfo DesignatorCompletion) {
// If this is the old-style GNU extension:
// designation ::= identifier ':'
// Handle it as a field designator. Otherwise, this must be the start of a
// normal expression.
if (Tok.is(tok::identifier)) {
const IdentifierInfo *FieldName = Tok.getIdentifierInfo();
SmallString<256> NewSyntax;
llvm::raw_svector_ostream(NewSyntax) << '.' << FieldName->getName()
<< " = ";
SourceLocation NameLoc = ConsumeToken(); // Eat the identifier.
assert(Tok.is(tok::colon) && "MayBeDesignationStart not working properly!");
SourceLocation ColonLoc = ConsumeToken();
Diag(NameLoc, diag::ext_gnu_old_style_field_designator)
<< FixItHint::CreateReplacement(SourceRange(NameLoc, ColonLoc),
NewSyntax);
Designation D;
D.AddDesignator(Designator::CreateFieldDesignator(
FieldName, SourceLocation(), NameLoc));
PreferredType.enterDesignatedInitializer(
Tok.getLocation(), DesignatorCompletion.PreferredBaseType, D);
return Actions.ActOnDesignatedInitializer(D, ColonLoc, true,
ParseInitializer());
}
// Desig - This is initialized when we see our first designator. We may have
// an objc message send with no designator, so we don't want to create this
// eagerly.
Designation Desig;
// Parse each designator in the designator list until we find an initializer.
while (Tok.is(tok::period) || Tok.is(tok::l_square)) {
if (Tok.is(tok::period)) {
// designator: '.' identifier
SourceLocation DotLoc = ConsumeToken();
if (Tok.is(tok::code_completion)) {
cutOffParsing();
Actions.CodeCompletion().CodeCompleteDesignator(
DesignatorCompletion.PreferredBaseType,
DesignatorCompletion.InitExprs, Desig);
return ExprError();
}
if (Tok.isNot(tok::identifier)) {
Diag(Tok.getLocation(), diag::err_expected_field_designator);
return ExprError();
}
Desig.AddDesignator(Designator::CreateFieldDesignator(
Tok.getIdentifierInfo(), DotLoc, Tok.getLocation()));
ConsumeToken(); // Eat the identifier.
continue;
}
// We must have either an array designator now or an objc message send.
assert(Tok.is(tok::l_square) && "Unexpected token!");
// Handle the two forms of array designator:
// array-designator: '[' constant-expression ']'
// array-designator: '[' constant-expression '...' constant-expression ']'
//
// Also, we have to handle the case where the expression after the
// designator an an objc message send: '[' objc-message-expr ']'.
// Interesting cases are:
// [foo bar] -> objc message send
// [foo] -> array designator
// [foo ... bar] -> array designator
// [4][foo bar] -> obsolete GNU designation with objc message send.
//
// We do not need to check for an expression starting with [[ here. If it
// contains an Objective-C message send, then it is not an ill-formed
// attribute. If it is a lambda-expression within an array-designator, then
// it will be rejected because a constant-expression cannot begin with a
// lambda-expression.
InMessageExpressionRAIIObject InMessage(*this, true);
BalancedDelimiterTracker T(*this, tok::l_square);
T.consumeOpen();
SourceLocation StartLoc = T.getOpenLocation();
ExprResult Idx;
// If Objective-C is enabled and this is a typename (class message
// send) or send to 'super', parse this as a message send
// expression. We handle C++ and C separately, since C++ requires
// much more complicated parsing.
if (getLangOpts().ObjC && getLangOpts().CPlusPlus) {
// Send to 'super'.
if (Tok.is(tok::identifier) && Tok.getIdentifierInfo() == Ident_super &&
NextToken().isNot(tok::period) &&
getCurScope()->isInObjcMethodScope()) {
CheckArrayDesignatorSyntax(*this, StartLoc, Desig);
return ParseAssignmentExprWithObjCMessageExprStart(
StartLoc, ConsumeToken(), nullptr, nullptr);
}
// Parse the receiver, which is either a type or an expression.
bool IsExpr;
void *TypeOrExpr;
if (ParseObjCXXMessageReceiver(IsExpr, TypeOrExpr)) {
SkipUntil(tok::r_square, StopAtSemi);
return ExprError();
}
// If the receiver was a type, we have a class message; parse
// the rest of it.
if (!IsExpr) {
CheckArrayDesignatorSyntax(*this, StartLoc, Desig);
return ParseAssignmentExprWithObjCMessageExprStart(StartLoc,
SourceLocation(),
ParsedType::getFromOpaquePtr(TypeOrExpr),
nullptr);
}
// If the receiver was an expression, we still don't know
// whether we have a message send or an array designator; just
// adopt the expression for further analysis below.
// FIXME: potentially-potentially evaluated expression above?
Idx = ExprResult(static_cast<Expr*>(TypeOrExpr));
} else if (getLangOpts().ObjC && Tok.is(tok::identifier)) {
IdentifierInfo *II = Tok.getIdentifierInfo();
SourceLocation IILoc = Tok.getLocation();
ParsedType ReceiverType;
// Three cases. This is a message send to a type: [type foo]
// This is a message send to super: [super foo]
// This is a message sent to an expr: [super.bar foo]
switch (Actions.ObjC().getObjCMessageKind(
getCurScope(), II, IILoc, II == Ident_super,
NextToken().is(tok::period), ReceiverType)) {
case SemaObjC::ObjCSuperMessage:
CheckArrayDesignatorSyntax(*this, StartLoc, Desig);
return ParseAssignmentExprWithObjCMessageExprStart(
StartLoc, ConsumeToken(), nullptr, nullptr);
case SemaObjC::ObjCClassMessage:
CheckArrayDesignatorSyntax(*this, StartLoc, Desig);
ConsumeToken(); // the identifier
if (!ReceiverType) {
SkipUntil(tok::r_square, StopAtSemi);
return ExprError();
}
// Parse type arguments and protocol qualifiers.
if (Tok.is(tok::less)) {
SourceLocation NewEndLoc;
TypeResult NewReceiverType
= parseObjCTypeArgsAndProtocolQualifiers(IILoc, ReceiverType,
/*consumeLastToken=*/true,
NewEndLoc);
if (!NewReceiverType.isUsable()) {
SkipUntil(tok::r_square, StopAtSemi);
return ExprError();
}
ReceiverType = NewReceiverType.get();
}
return ParseAssignmentExprWithObjCMessageExprStart(StartLoc,
SourceLocation(),
ReceiverType,
nullptr);
case SemaObjC::ObjCInstanceMessage:
// Fall through; we'll just parse the expression and
// (possibly) treat this like an Objective-C message send
// later.
break;
}
}
// Parse the index expression, if we haven't already gotten one
// above (which can only happen in Objective-C++).
// Note that we parse this as an assignment expression, not a constant
// expression (allowing *=, =, etc) to handle the objc case. Sema needs
// to validate that the expression is a constant.
// FIXME: We also need to tell Sema that we're in a
// potentially-potentially evaluated context.
if (!Idx.get()) {
Idx = ParseAssignmentExpression();
if (Idx.isInvalid()) {
SkipUntil(tok::r_square, StopAtSemi);
return Idx;
}
}
// Given an expression, we could either have a designator (if the next
// tokens are '...' or ']' or an objc message send. If this is an objc
// message send, handle it now. An objc-message send is the start of
// an assignment-expression production.
if (getLangOpts().ObjC && Tok.isNot(tok::ellipsis) &&
Tok.isNot(tok::r_square)) {
CheckArrayDesignatorSyntax(*this, Tok.getLocation(), Desig);
return ParseAssignmentExprWithObjCMessageExprStart(
StartLoc, SourceLocation(), nullptr, Idx.get());
}
// If this is a normal array designator, remember it.
if (Tok.isNot(tok::ellipsis)) {
Desig.AddDesignator(Designator::CreateArrayDesignator(Idx.get(),
StartLoc));
} else {
// Handle the gnu array range extension.
Diag(Tok, diag::ext_gnu_array_range);
SourceLocation EllipsisLoc = ConsumeToken();
ExprResult RHS(ParseConstantExpression());
if (RHS.isInvalid()) {
SkipUntil(tok::r_square, StopAtSemi);
return RHS;
}
Desig.AddDesignator(Designator::CreateArrayRangeDesignator(
Idx.get(), RHS.get(), StartLoc, EllipsisLoc));
}
T.consumeClose();
Desig.getDesignator(Desig.getNumDesignators() - 1).setRBracketLoc(
T.getCloseLocation());
}
// Okay, we're done with the designator sequence. We know that there must be
// at least one designator, because the only case we can get into this method
// without a designator is when we have an objc message send. That case is
// handled and returned from above.
assert(!Desig.empty() && "Designator is empty?");
// Handle a normal designator sequence end, which is an equal.
if (Tok.is(tok::equal)) {
SourceLocation EqualLoc = ConsumeToken();
PreferredType.enterDesignatedInitializer(
Tok.getLocation(), DesignatorCompletion.PreferredBaseType, Desig);
return Actions.ActOnDesignatedInitializer(Desig, EqualLoc, false,
ParseInitializer());
}
// Handle a C++20 braced designated initialization, which results in
// direct-list-initialization of the aggregate element. We allow this as an
// extension from C++11 onwards (when direct-list-initialization was added).
if (Tok.is(tok::l_brace) && getLangOpts().CPlusPlus11) {
PreferredType.enterDesignatedInitializer(
Tok.getLocation(), DesignatorCompletion.PreferredBaseType, Desig);
return Actions.ActOnDesignatedInitializer(Desig, SourceLocation(), false,
ParseBraceInitializer());
}
// We read some number of designators and found something that isn't an = or
// an initializer. If we have exactly one array designator, this
// is the GNU 'designation: array-designator' extension. Otherwise, it is a
// parse error.
if (Desig.getNumDesignators() == 1 &&
(Desig.getDesignator(0).isArrayDesignator() ||
Desig.getDesignator(0).isArrayRangeDesignator())) {
Diag(Tok, diag::ext_gnu_missing_equal_designator)
<< FixItHint::CreateInsertion(Tok.getLocation(), "= ");
return Actions.ActOnDesignatedInitializer(Desig, Tok.getLocation(),
true, ParseInitializer());
}
Diag(Tok, diag::err_expected_equal_designator);
return ExprError();
}
ExprResult Parser::createEmbedExpr() {
assert(Tok.getKind() == tok::annot_embed);
EmbedAnnotationData *Data =
reinterpret_cast<EmbedAnnotationData *>(Tok.getAnnotationValue());
ExprResult Res;
ASTContext &Context = Actions.getASTContext();
SourceLocation StartLoc = ConsumeAnnotationToken();
if (Data->BinaryData.size() == 1) {
Res = IntegerLiteral::Create(Context,
llvm::APInt(CHAR_BIT, Data->BinaryData.back()),
Context.UnsignedCharTy, StartLoc);
} else {
auto CreateStringLiteralFromStringRef = [&](StringRef Str, QualType Ty) {
llvm::APSInt ArraySize =
Context.MakeIntValue(Str.size(), Context.getSizeType());
QualType ArrayTy = Context.getConstantArrayType(
Ty, ArraySize, nullptr, ArraySizeModifier::Normal, 0);
return StringLiteral::Create(Context, Str, StringLiteralKind::Ordinary,
false, ArrayTy, StartLoc);
};
StringLiteral *BinaryDataArg = CreateStringLiteralFromStringRef(
Data->BinaryData, Context.UnsignedCharTy);
Res = Actions.ActOnEmbedExpr(StartLoc, BinaryDataArg);
}
return Res;
}
/// ParseBraceInitializer - Called when parsing an initializer that has a
/// leading open brace.
///
/// initializer: [C99 6.7.8]
/// '{' initializer-list '}'
/// '{' initializer-list ',' '}'
/// [C23] '{' '}'
///
/// initializer-list:
/// designation[opt] initializer ...[opt]
/// initializer-list ',' designation[opt] initializer ...[opt]
///
ExprResult Parser::ParseBraceInitializer() {
InMessageExpressionRAIIObject InMessage(*this, false);
BalancedDelimiterTracker T(*this, tok::l_brace);
T.consumeOpen();
SourceLocation LBraceLoc = T.getOpenLocation();
/// InitExprs - This is the actual list of expressions contained in the
/// initializer.
ExprVector InitExprs;
if (Tok.is(tok::r_brace)) {
// Empty initializers are a C++ feature and a GNU extension to C before C23.
if (!getLangOpts().CPlusPlus) {
Diag(LBraceLoc, getLangOpts().C23
? diag::warn_c23_compat_empty_initializer
: diag::ext_c_empty_initializer);
}
// Match the '}'.
return Actions.ActOnInitList(LBraceLoc, std::nullopt, ConsumeBrace());
}
// Enter an appropriate expression evaluation context for an initializer list.
EnterExpressionEvaluationContext EnterContext(
Actions, EnterExpressionEvaluationContext::InitList);
bool InitExprsOk = true;
QualType LikelyType = PreferredType.get(T.getOpenLocation());
DesignatorCompletionInfo DesignatorCompletion{InitExprs, LikelyType};
bool CalledSignatureHelp = false;
auto RunSignatureHelp = [&] {
QualType PreferredType;
if (!LikelyType.isNull())
PreferredType = Actions.CodeCompletion().ProduceConstructorSignatureHelp(
LikelyType->getCanonicalTypeInternal(), T.getOpenLocation(),
InitExprs, T.getOpenLocation(), /*Braced=*/true);
CalledSignatureHelp = true;
return PreferredType;
};
while (true) {
PreferredType.enterFunctionArgument(Tok.getLocation(), RunSignatureHelp);
// Handle Microsoft __if_exists/if_not_exists if necessary.
if (getLangOpts().MicrosoftExt && (Tok.is(tok::kw___if_exists) ||
Tok.is(tok::kw___if_not_exists))) {
if (ParseMicrosoftIfExistsBraceInitializer(InitExprs, InitExprsOk)) {
if (Tok.isNot(tok::comma)) break;
ConsumeToken();
}
if (Tok.is(tok::r_brace)) break;
continue;
}
// Parse: designation[opt] initializer
// If we know that this cannot be a designation, just parse the nested
// initializer directly.
ExprResult SubElt;
if (MayBeDesignationStart())
SubElt = ParseInitializerWithPotentialDesignator(DesignatorCompletion);
else if (Tok.getKind() == tok::annot_embed)
SubElt = createEmbedExpr();
else
SubElt = ParseInitializer();
if (Tok.is(tok::ellipsis))
SubElt = Actions.ActOnPackExpansion(SubElt.get(), ConsumeToken());
SubElt = Actions.CorrectDelayedTyposInExpr(SubElt.get());
// If we couldn't parse the subelement, bail out.
if (SubElt.isUsable()) {
InitExprs.push_back(SubElt.get());
} else {
InitExprsOk = false;
// We have two ways to try to recover from this error: if the code looks
// grammatically ok (i.e. we have a comma coming up) try to continue
// parsing the rest of the initializer. This allows us to emit
// diagnostics for later elements that we find. If we don't see a comma,
// assume there is a parse error, and just skip to recover.
// FIXME: This comment doesn't sound right. If there is a r_brace
// immediately, it can't be an error, since there is no other way of
// leaving this loop except through this if.
if (Tok.isNot(tok::comma)) {
SkipUntil(tok::r_brace, StopBeforeMatch);
break;
}
}
// If we don't have a comma continued list, we're done.
if (Tok.isNot(tok::comma)) break;
// TODO: save comma locations if some client cares.
ConsumeToken();
// Handle trailing comma.
if (Tok.is(tok::r_brace)) break;
}
bool closed = !T.consumeClose();
if (InitExprsOk && closed)
return Actions.ActOnInitList(LBraceLoc, InitExprs,
T.getCloseLocation());
return ExprError(); // an error occurred.
}
// Return true if a comma (or closing brace) is necessary after the
// __if_exists/if_not_exists statement.
bool Parser::ParseMicrosoftIfExistsBraceInitializer(ExprVector &InitExprs,
bool &InitExprsOk) {
bool trailingComma = false;
IfExistsCondition Result;
if (ParseMicrosoftIfExistsCondition(Result))
return false;
BalancedDelimiterTracker Braces(*this, tok::l_brace);
if (Braces.consumeOpen()) {
Diag(Tok, diag::err_expected) << tok::l_brace;
return false;
}
switch (Result.Behavior) {
case IEB_Parse:
// Parse the declarations below.
break;
case IEB_Dependent:
Diag(Result.KeywordLoc, diag::warn_microsoft_dependent_exists)
<< Result.IsIfExists;
// Fall through to skip.
[[fallthrough]];
case IEB_Skip:
Braces.skipToEnd();
return false;
}
DesignatorCompletionInfo DesignatorCompletion{
InitExprs,
PreferredType.get(Braces.getOpenLocation()),
};
while (!isEofOrEom()) {
trailingComma = false;
// If we know that this cannot be a designation, just parse the nested
// initializer directly.
ExprResult SubElt;
if (MayBeDesignationStart())
SubElt = ParseInitializerWithPotentialDesignator(DesignatorCompletion);
else
SubElt = ParseInitializer();
if (Tok.is(tok::ellipsis))
SubElt = Actions.ActOnPackExpansion(SubElt.get(), ConsumeToken());
// If we couldn't parse the subelement, bail out.
if (!SubElt.isInvalid())
InitExprs.push_back(SubElt.get());
else
InitExprsOk = false;
if (Tok.is(tok::comma)) {
ConsumeToken();
trailingComma = true;
}
if (Tok.is(tok::r_brace))
break;
}
Braces.consumeClose();
return !trailingComma;
}