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//===-- ArchitectureArm.cpp -----------------------------------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "Plugins/Architecture/Arm/ArchitectureArm.h"
#include "Plugins/Process/Utility/ARMDefines.h"
#include "Plugins/Process/Utility/InstructionUtils.h"
#include "Utility/ARM_DWARF_Registers.h"
#include "lldb/Core/PluginManager.h"
#include "lldb/Symbol/UnwindPlan.h"
#include "lldb/Target/Process.h"
#include "lldb/Target/RegisterContext.h"
#include "lldb/Target/RegisterNumber.h"
#include "lldb/Target/Thread.h"
#include "lldb/Target/UnwindLLDB.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/ArchSpec.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/LLDBLog.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/Log.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/RegisterValue.h"
using namespace lldb_private;
using namespace lldb;
LLDB_PLUGIN_DEFINE(ArchitectureArm)
void ArchitectureArm::Initialize() {
PluginManager::RegisterPlugin(GetPluginNameStatic(),
"Arm-specific algorithms",
&ArchitectureArm::Create);
}
void ArchitectureArm::Terminate() {
PluginManager::UnregisterPlugin(&ArchitectureArm::Create);
}
std::unique_ptr<Architecture> ArchitectureArm::Create(const ArchSpec &arch) {
if (arch.GetMachine() != llvm::Triple::arm)
return nullptr;
return std::unique_ptr<Architecture>(new ArchitectureArm());
}
void ArchitectureArm::OverrideStopInfo(Thread &thread) const {
// We need to check if we are stopped in Thumb mode in a IT instruction and
// detect if the condition doesn't pass. If this is the case it means we
// won't actually execute this instruction. If this happens we need to clear
// the stop reason to no thread plans think we are stopped for a reason and
// the plans should keep going.
//
// We do this because when single stepping many ARM processes, debuggers
// often use the BVR/BCR registers that says "stop when the PC is not equal
// to its current value". This method of stepping means we can end up
// stopping on instructions inside an if/then block that wouldn't get
// executed. By fixing this we can stop the debugger from seeming like you
// stepped through both the "if" _and_ the "else" clause when source level
// stepping because the debugger stops regardless due to the BVR/BCR
// triggering a stop.
//
// It also means we can set breakpoints on instructions inside an if/then
// block and correctly skip them if we use the BKPT instruction. The ARM and
// Thumb BKPT instructions are unconditional even when executed in a Thumb IT
// block.
//
// If your debugger inserts software traps in ARM/Thumb code, it will need to
// use 16 and 32 bit instruction for 16 and 32 bit thumb instructions
// respectively. If your debugger inserts a 16 bit thumb trap on top of a 32
// bit thumb instruction for an opcode that is inside an if/then, it will
// change the it/then to conditionally execute your
// 16 bit trap and then cause your program to crash if it executes the
// trailing 16 bits (the second half of the 32 bit thumb instruction you
// partially overwrote).
RegisterContextSP reg_ctx_sp(thread.GetRegisterContext());
if (!reg_ctx_sp)
return;
const uint32_t cpsr = reg_ctx_sp->GetFlags(0);
if (cpsr == 0)
return;
// Read the J and T bits to get the ISETSTATE
const uint32_t J = Bit32(cpsr, 24);
const uint32_t T = Bit32(cpsr, 5);
const uint32_t ISETSTATE = J << 1 | T;
if (ISETSTATE == 0) {
// NOTE: I am pretty sure we want to enable the code below
// that detects when we stop on an instruction in ARM mode that is conditional
// and the condition doesn't pass. This can happen if you set a breakpoint on
// an instruction that is conditional. We currently will _always_ stop on the
// instruction which is bad. You can also run into this while single stepping
// and you could appear to run code in the "if" and in the "else" clause
// because it would stop at all of the conditional instructions in both. In
// such cases, we really don't want to stop at this location.
// I will check with the lldb-dev list first before I enable this.
#if 0
// ARM mode: check for condition on instruction
const addr_t pc = reg_ctx_sp->GetPC();
Status error;
// If we fail to read the opcode we will get UINT64_MAX as the result in
// "opcode" which we can use to detect if we read a valid opcode.
const uint64_t opcode = thread.GetProcess()->ReadUnsignedIntegerFromMemory(pc, 4, UINT64_MAX, error);
if (opcode <= UINT32_MAX)
{
const uint32_t condition = Bits32((uint32_t)opcode, 31, 28);
if (!ARMConditionPassed(condition, cpsr))
{
// We ARE stopped on an ARM instruction whose condition doesn't
// pass so this instruction won't get executed. Regardless of why
// it stopped, we need to clear the stop info
thread.SetStopInfo (StopInfoSP());
}
}
#endif
} else if (ISETSTATE == 1) {
// Thumb mode
const uint32_t ITSTATE = Bits32(cpsr, 15, 10) << 2 | Bits32(cpsr, 26, 25);
if (ITSTATE != 0) {
const uint32_t condition = Bits32(ITSTATE, 7, 4);
if (!ARMConditionPassed(condition, cpsr)) {
// We ARE stopped in a Thumb IT instruction on an instruction whose
// condition doesn't pass so this instruction won't get executed.
// Regardless of why it stopped, we need to clear the stop info
thread.SetStopInfo(StopInfoSP());
}
}
}
}
addr_t ArchitectureArm::GetCallableLoadAddress(addr_t code_addr,
AddressClass addr_class) const {
bool is_alternate_isa = false;
switch (addr_class) {
case AddressClass::eData:
case AddressClass::eDebug:
return LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
case AddressClass::eCodeAlternateISA:
is_alternate_isa = true;
break;
default: break;
}
if ((code_addr & 2u) || is_alternate_isa)
return code_addr | 1u;
return code_addr;
}
addr_t ArchitectureArm::GetOpcodeLoadAddress(addr_t opcode_addr,
AddressClass addr_class) const {
switch (addr_class) {
case AddressClass::eData:
case AddressClass::eDebug:
return LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
default: break;
}
return opcode_addr & ~(1ull);
}
// The ARM M-Profile Armv7-M Architecture Reference Manual,
// subsection "B1.5 Armv7-M exception model", see the parts
// describing "Exception entry behavior" and "Exception
// return behavior".
// When an exception happens on this processor, certain registers are
// saved below the stack pointer, the stack pointer is decremented,
// a special value is put in the link register to indicate the
// exception has been taken, and an exception handler function
// is invoked.
//
// Detect that special value in $lr, and if present, add
// unwind rules for the registers that were saved above this
// stack frame's CFA. Overwrite any register locations that
// the current_unwindplan has for these registers; they are
// not correct when we're invoked this way.
UnwindPlanSP ArchitectureArm::GetArchitectureUnwindPlan(
Thread &thread, RegisterContextUnwind *regctx,
std::shared_ptr<const UnwindPlan> current_unwindplan) {
ProcessSP process_sp = thread.GetProcess();
if (!process_sp)
return {};
const ArchSpec arch = process_sp->GetTarget().GetArchitecture();
if (!arch.GetTriple().isArmMClass() || arch.GetAddressByteSize() != 4)
return {};
// Get the caller's LR value from regctx (the LR value
// at function entry to this function).
RegisterNumber ra_regnum(thread, eRegisterKindGeneric,
LLDB_REGNUM_GENERIC_RA);
uint32_t ra_regnum_lldb = ra_regnum.GetAsKind(eRegisterKindLLDB);
if (ra_regnum_lldb == LLDB_INVALID_REGNUM)
return {};
UnwindLLDB::ConcreteRegisterLocation regloc = {};
bool got_concrete_location = false;
if (regctx->SavedLocationForRegister(ra_regnum_lldb, regloc) ==
UnwindLLDB::RegisterSearchResult::eRegisterFound) {
got_concrete_location = true;
} else {
RegisterNumber pc_regnum(thread, eRegisterKindGeneric,
LLDB_REGNUM_GENERIC_PC);
uint32_t pc_regnum_lldb = pc_regnum.GetAsKind(eRegisterKindLLDB);
if (regctx->SavedLocationForRegister(pc_regnum_lldb, regloc) ==
UnwindLLDB::RegisterSearchResult::eRegisterFound)
got_concrete_location = true;
}
if (!got_concrete_location)
return {};
addr_t callers_return_address = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
const RegisterInfo *reg_info = regctx->GetRegisterInfoAtIndex(ra_regnum_lldb);
if (reg_info) {
RegisterValue reg_value;
if (regctx->ReadRegisterValueFromRegisterLocation(regloc, reg_info,
reg_value)) {
callers_return_address = reg_value.GetAsUInt32();
}
}
if (callers_return_address == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS)
return {};
// ARMv7-M ARM says that the LR will be set to
// one of these values when an exception has taken
// place:
// if HaveFPExt() then
// if CurrentMode==Mode_Handler then
// LR = Ones(27):NOT(CONTROL.FPCA):'0001';
// else
// LR = Ones(27):NOT(CONTROL.FPCA):'1':CONTROL.SPSEL:'01';
// else
// if CurrentMode==Mode_Handler then
// LR = Ones(28):'0001';
// else
// LR = Ones(29):CONTROL.SPSEL:'01';
// Top 27 bits are set for an exception return.
const uint32_t exception_return = -1U & ~0b11111U;
// Bit4 is 1 if only GPRs were saved.
const uint32_t gprs_only = 0b10000;
// Bit<1:0> are '01'.
const uint32_t lowbits = 0b01;
if ((callers_return_address & exception_return) != exception_return)
return {};
if ((callers_return_address & lowbits) != lowbits)
return {};
const bool fp_regs_saved = !(callers_return_address & gprs_only);
const RegisterKind plan_regkind = current_unwindplan->GetRegisterKind();
UnwindPlanSP new_plan = std::make_shared<UnwindPlan>(plan_regkind);
new_plan->SetSourceName("Arm Cortex-M exception return UnwindPlan");
new_plan->SetSourcedFromCompiler(eLazyBoolNo);
new_plan->SetUnwindPlanValidAtAllInstructions(eLazyBoolYes);
new_plan->SetUnwindPlanForSignalTrap(eLazyBoolYes);
int stored_regs_size = fp_regs_saved ? 0x68 : 0x20;
uint32_t gpr_regs[] = {dwarf_r0, dwarf_r1, dwarf_r2, dwarf_r3,
dwarf_r12, dwarf_lr, dwarf_pc, dwarf_cpsr};
const int gpr_reg_count = std::size(gpr_regs);
uint32_t fpr_regs[] = {dwarf_s0, dwarf_s1, dwarf_s2, dwarf_s3,
dwarf_s4, dwarf_s5, dwarf_s6, dwarf_s7,
dwarf_s8, dwarf_s9, dwarf_s10, dwarf_s11,
dwarf_s12, dwarf_s13, dwarf_s14, dwarf_s15};
const int fpr_reg_count = std::size(fpr_regs);
RegisterContextSP reg_ctx_sp = thread.GetRegisterContext();
std::vector<uint32_t> saved_regs;
for (int i = 0; i < gpr_reg_count; i++) {
uint32_t regno = gpr_regs[i];
reg_ctx_sp->ConvertBetweenRegisterKinds(eRegisterKindDWARF, gpr_regs[i],
plan_regkind, regno);
saved_regs.push_back(regno);
}
if (fp_regs_saved) {
for (int i = 0; i < fpr_reg_count; i++) {
uint32_t regno = fpr_regs[i];
reg_ctx_sp->ConvertBetweenRegisterKinds(eRegisterKindDWARF, fpr_regs[i],
plan_regkind, regno);
saved_regs.push_back(regno);
}
}
addr_t cfa;
if (!regctx->GetCFA(cfa))
return {};
// The CPSR value saved to stack is actually (from Armv7-M ARM)
// "XPSR<31:10>:frameptralign:XPSR<8:0>"
// Bit 9 indicates that the stack pointer was aligned (to
// an 8-byte alignment) when the exception happened, and we must
// account for that when restoring the original stack pointer value.
Status error;
uint32_t callers_xPSR =
process_sp->ReadUnsignedIntegerFromMemory(cfa + 0x1c, 4, 0, error);
const bool align_stack = callers_xPSR & (1U << 9);
uint32_t callers_sp = cfa + stored_regs_size;
if (align_stack)
callers_sp |= 4;
Log *log = GetLog(LLDBLog::Unwind);
LLDB_LOGF(log,
"ArchitectureArm::GetArchitectureUnwindPlan found caller return "
"addr of 0x%" PRIx64 ", for frame with CFA 0x%" PRIx64
", fp_regs_saved %d, stored_regs_size 0x%x, align stack %d",
callers_return_address, cfa, fp_regs_saved, stored_regs_size,
align_stack);
uint32_t sp_regnum = dwarf_sp;
reg_ctx_sp->ConvertBetweenRegisterKinds(eRegisterKindDWARF, dwarf_sp,
plan_regkind, sp_regnum);
const int row_count = current_unwindplan->GetRowCount();
for (int i = 0; i < row_count; i++) {
UnwindPlan::Row row = *current_unwindplan->GetRowAtIndex(i);
uint32_t offset = 0;
const size_t saved_reg_count = saved_regs.size();
for (size_t j = 0; j < saved_reg_count; j++) {
// The locations could be set with
// SetRegisterLocationToIsConstant(regno, cfa+offset)
// expressing it in terms of CFA addr+offset - this UnwindPlan
// is only used once, with this specific CFA. I'm not sure
// which will be clearer for someone reading the unwind log.
row.SetRegisterLocationToAtCFAPlusOffset(saved_regs[j], offset, true);
offset += 4;
}
row.SetRegisterLocationToIsCFAPlusOffset(sp_regnum, callers_sp - cfa, true);
new_plan->AppendRow(row);
}
return new_plan;
}