blob: 2509334b8ec4a19390eb14087a0dacfd5dc3a2ef [file]
//===- AliasAnalysis.cpp - Alias Analysis for FIR ------------------------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "flang/Optimizer/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h"
#include "flang/Optimizer/Dialect/CUF/CUFOps.h"
#include "flang/Optimizer/Dialect/FIROps.h"
#include "flang/Optimizer/Dialect/FIROpsSupport.h"
#include "flang/Optimizer/Dialect/FIRType.h"
#include "flang/Optimizer/Dialect/FortranVariableInterface.h"
#include "flang/Optimizer/HLFIR/HLFIROps.h"
#include "flang/Optimizer/Support/InternalNames.h"
#include "flang/Optimizer/Support/Utils.h"
#include "mlir/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/OpenACC/OpenACC.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/OpenACC/OpenACCUtils.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/OpenMP/OpenMPDialect.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/OpenMP/OpenMPInterfaces.h"
#include "mlir/IR/BuiltinOps.h"
#include "mlir/IR/Value.h"
#include "mlir/Interfaces/SideEffectInterfaces.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/TypeSwitch.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
#include <optional>
using namespace mlir;
#define DEBUG_TYPE "fir-alias-analysis"
llvm::cl::opt<bool> supportCrayPointers(
"unsafe-cray-pointers",
llvm::cl::desc("Support Cray POINTERs that ALIAS with non-TARGET data"),
llvm::cl::init(false));
// Inspect for value-scoped Allocate effects and determine whether
// 'result' is a new allocation. Returns SourceKind::Allocate if a
// MemAlloc effect is attached
static fir::AliasAnalysis::SourceKind
classifyAllocateFromEffects(OpResult result) {
std::optional<bool> isNewAllocation = fir::isNewAllocationResult(result);
return isNewAllocation.value_or(false)
? fir::AliasAnalysis::SourceKind::Allocate
: fir::AliasAnalysis::SourceKind::Unknown;
}
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// AliasAnalysis: alias
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
static fir::AliasAnalysis::Source::Attributes
getAttrsFromVariable(fir::FortranVariableOpInterface var) {
fir::AliasAnalysis::Source::Attributes attrs;
if (var.isTarget())
attrs.set(fir::AliasAnalysis::Attribute::Target);
if (var.isPointer())
attrs.set(fir::AliasAnalysis::Attribute::Pointer);
if (var.isIntentIn())
attrs.set(fir::AliasAnalysis::Attribute::IntentIn);
if (var.isCrayPointer())
attrs.set(fir::AliasAnalysis::Attribute::CrayPointer);
if (var.isCrayPointee())
attrs.set(fir::AliasAnalysis::Attribute::CrayPointee);
return attrs;
}
bool fir::AliasAnalysis::symbolMayHaveTargetAttr(mlir::SymbolRefAttr symbol,
mlir::Operation *from) {
assert(from);
// If we cannot find the nearest SymbolTable assume the worst.
const mlir::SymbolTable *symTab = getNearestSymbolTable(from);
if (!symTab)
return true;
if (auto globalOp = symTab->lookup<fir::GlobalOp>(symbol.getLeafReference()))
return globalOp.getTarget().value_or(false);
// If the symbol is not defined by fir.global assume the worst.
return true;
}
static bool isEvaluateInMemoryBlockArg(mlir::Value v) {
if (auto evalInMem = llvm::dyn_cast_or_null<hlfir::EvaluateInMemoryOp>(
v.getParentRegion()->getParentOp()))
return evalInMem.getMemory() == v;
return false;
}
template <typename OMPTypeOp, typename DeclTypeOp>
static bool isPrivateArg(omp::BlockArgOpenMPOpInterface &argIface,
OMPTypeOp &op, DeclTypeOp &declOp) {
if (!op.getPrivateSyms().has_value())
return false;
for (auto [opSym, blockArg] :
llvm::zip_equal(*op.getPrivateSyms(), argIface.getPrivateBlockArgs())) {
if (blockArg == declOp.getMemref()) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/// Classify `mappedValue` when defined by OpenACC mapping op `accOp`.
/// Private-like ops use `SourceKind::Allocate`; other data clauses use
/// `getSourceFn` on the mapped host variable (`mlir::acc::getVar`).
static fir::AliasAnalysis::Source getSourceForACCMappedValue(
mlir::Value mappedValue, mlir::Operation *accOp,
llvm::function_ref<fir::AliasAnalysis::Source(mlir::Value)> getSourceFn,
bool originIsData,
fir::AliasAnalysis::Source::Attributes accumulatedAttrs) {
assert(accOp && "OpenACC mapping op required");
// Private-like ops use SourceKind::Allocate.
if (mlir::isa<mlir::acc::ReductionInitOp, mlir::acc::PrivateOp,
mlir::acc::FirstprivateOp, mlir::acc::FirstprivateMapInitialOp>(
accOp))
return {{mappedValue, nullptr, originIsData},
fir::AliasAnalysis::SourceKind::Allocate,
mappedValue.getType(),
accumulatedAttrs,
/*approximateSource=*/false,
/*accessPath=*/{},
/*isCapturedInInternalProcedure=*/false};
// Not private-like: classify using the corresponding host variable's source.
//
// Caveat: with discrete device memory, host and device copies do not alias
// even when this path makes them look related. Alias analysis here is usually
// about two values *inside* a compute region, not host-vs-device pointer
// queries, so using the host source remains a reasonable tradeoff for
// disambiguating in-region uses. Finer modeling would require extending
// AliasAnalysis::Source (with address space) and teaching AA to use it.
fir::AliasAnalysis::Source source = getSourceFn(mlir::acc::getVar(accOp));
source.attributes |= accumulatedAttrs;
return source;
}
namespace fir {
void AliasAnalysis::Source::AccessPath::print(llvm::raw_ostream &os) const {
os << "[";
for (auto it = steps.begin(); it != steps.end(); ++it) {
if (it != steps.begin())
os << ", ";
switch (it->kind) {
case PathStep::Kind::Component:
os << "Component(\"" << it->component.getValue() << "\")";
break;
case PathStep::Kind::PointerDeref:
os << "PointerDeref";
break;
case PathStep::Kind::AllocDeref:
os << "AllocDeref";
break;
}
}
os << "]";
if (isApproximate)
os << "(~)";
}
void AliasAnalysis::Source::print(llvm::raw_ostream &os) const {
if (auto v = llvm::dyn_cast<mlir::Value>(origin.u))
os << v;
else if (auto gbl = llvm::dyn_cast<mlir::SymbolRefAttr>(origin.u))
os << gbl;
os << " SourceKind: " << EnumToString(kind);
os << " Type: " << valueType << " ";
if (origin.isData) {
os << " following data ";
} else {
os << " following box reference ";
}
os << " AccessPath: ";
accessPath.print(os);
os << " ";
attributes.Dump(os, EnumToString);
}
bool AliasAnalysis::isRecordWithPointerComponent(mlir::Type ty) {
auto eleTy = fir::dyn_cast_ptrEleTy(ty);
if (!eleTy)
return false;
// TO DO: Look for pointer components
return mlir::isa<fir::RecordType>(eleTy);
}
bool AliasAnalysis::isPointerReference(mlir::Type ty) {
auto eleTy = fir::dyn_cast_ptrEleTy(ty);
if (!eleTy)
return false;
return fir::isPointerType(eleTy) || mlir::isa<fir::PointerType>(eleTy);
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isTargetOrPointer() const {
return attributes.test(Attribute::Pointer) ||
attributes.test(Attribute::Target);
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isTarget() const {
return attributes.test(Attribute::Target);
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isPointer() const {
return attributes.test(Attribute::Pointer);
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isCrayPointee() const {
return attributes.test(Attribute::CrayPointee);
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isCrayPointer() const {
return attributes.test(Attribute::CrayPointer);
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isCrayPointerOrPointee() const {
return isCrayPointer() || isCrayPointee();
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isDummyArgument() const {
if (auto v = origin.u.dyn_cast<mlir::Value>()) {
return fir::isDummyArgument(v);
}
return false;
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isData() const { return origin.isData; }
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isBoxData() const {
return mlir::isa<fir::BaseBoxType>(fir::unwrapRefType(valueType)) &&
origin.isData;
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::isFortranUserVariable() const {
if (!origin.instantiationPoint)
return false;
return llvm::TypeSwitch<mlir::Operation *, bool>(origin.instantiationPoint)
.template Case<fir::DeclareOp, hlfir::DeclareOp>([&](auto declOp) {
return fir::NameUniquer::deconstruct(declOp.getUniqName()).first ==
fir::NameUniquer::NameKind::VARIABLE;
})
.Default([&](auto op) { return false; });
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::mayBeDummyArgOrHostAssoc() const {
return kind != SourceKind::Allocate && kind != SourceKind::Global;
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::mayBePtrDummyArgOrHostAssoc() const {
// Must alias like dummy arg (or HostAssoc).
if (!mayBeDummyArgOrHostAssoc())
return false;
// Must be address of the dummy arg not of a dummy arg component.
if (isRecordWithPointerComponent(valueType))
return false;
// Must be address *of* (not *in*) a pointer.
return attributes.test(Attribute::Pointer) && !isData();
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::mayBeActualArg() const {
return kind != SourceKind::Allocate;
}
bool AliasAnalysis::Source::mayBeActualArgWithPtr(
const mlir::Value *val) const {
// Must not be local.
if (!mayBeActualArg())
return false;
// Can be address *of* (not *in*) a pointer.
if (attributes.test(Attribute::Pointer) && !isData())
return true;
// Can be address of a composite with a pointer component.
if (isRecordWithPointerComponent(val->getType()))
return true;
return false;
}
// Return true if the two locations cannot alias based
// on the access data type, e.g. an address of a descriptor
// cannot alias with an address of data (unless the data
// may contain a descriptor).
static bool noAliasBasedOnType(mlir::Value lhs, mlir::Value rhs) {
mlir::Type lhsType = lhs.getType();
mlir::Type rhsType = rhs.getType();
if (!fir::isa_ref_type(lhsType) || !fir::isa_ref_type(rhsType))
return false;
mlir::Type lhsElemType = fir::unwrapRefType(lhsType);
mlir::Type rhsElemType = fir::unwrapRefType(rhsType);
if (mlir::isa<fir::BaseBoxType>(lhsElemType) !=
mlir::isa<fir::BaseBoxType>(rhsElemType)) {
// One of the types is fir.box and another is not.
mlir::Type nonBoxType;
if (mlir::isa<fir::BaseBoxType>(lhsElemType))
nonBoxType = rhsElemType;
else
nonBoxType = lhsElemType;
if (!fir::isRecordWithDescriptorMember(nonBoxType)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << " no alias based on the access types\n");
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/// Return true if two access paths from the same origin variable diverge at
/// a named component step, meaning they address disjoint subobjects of the
/// root variable. For example, paths [Component("a")] and [Component("b")]
/// diverge immediately, while [Component("a"), Component("x")] and
/// [Component("a"), Component("y")] share a common prefix "a" and diverge
/// at the second step.
///
/// When either path continues through a PointerDeref or AllocDeref after
/// the divergence point, the runtime address could potentially reach a
/// sibling subobject only if that sibling is a valid pointer target.
/// A subobject has TARGET when the root variable has the TARGET attribute
/// (Fortran 2018 8.5.7), or when we arrived at the current level through
/// a PointerDeref (the pointer target carries TARGET by definition).
/// When neither condition holds, the pointer cannot be associated with a
/// sibling subobject and the addresses are still disjoint. Note that the
/// source's POINTER attribute reflects the component traversed during the
/// walk, not the root variable, so we check only TARGET on the source.
///
/// One exception: if BOTH sides end with a PointerDeref, the two pointers
/// could independently be associated with the same third-party TARGET
/// variable, so we conservatively return false.
static bool pathsDivergeAtComponent(const fir::AliasAnalysis::Source &lhsSrc,
const fir::AliasAnalysis::Source &rhsSrc) {
using PathStep = fir::AliasAnalysis::Source::PathStep;
auto &lhsSteps = lhsSrc.accessPath.steps;
auto &rhsSteps = rhsSrc.accessPath.steps;
size_t minLen = std::min(lhsSteps.size(), rhsSteps.size());
for (size_t i = 0; i < minLen; ++i) {
if (lhsSteps[i].kind == PathStep::Kind::Component &&
rhsSteps[i].kind == PathStep::Kind::Component &&
lhsSteps[i].component != rhsSteps[i].component) {
auto hasPtrDerefAfter = [](llvm::ArrayRef<PathStep> steps, size_t from) {
for (size_t j = from; j < steps.size(); ++j)
if (steps[j].kind == PathStep::Kind::PointerDeref)
return true;
return false;
};
bool lhsHasPtrDeref = hasPtrDerefAfter(lhsSteps, i + 1);
bool rhsHasPtrDeref = hasPtrDerefAfter(rhsSteps, i + 1);
if (lhsHasPtrDeref && rhsHasPtrDeref)
return false;
if (lhsHasPtrDeref || rhsHasPtrDeref) {
for (size_t j = 0; j < i; ++j)
if (lhsSteps[j].kind == PathStep::Kind::PointerDeref)
return false;
if (lhsSrc.isTarget() || rhsSrc.isTarget())
return false;
}
return true;
}
if (lhsSteps[i] != rhsSteps[i])
break;
}
return false;
}
AliasResult AliasAnalysis::alias(mlir::Value lhs, mlir::Value rhs) {
// A wrapper around alias(Source lhsSrc, Source rhsSrc, mlir::Value lhs,
// mlir::Value rhs) This allows a user to provide Source that may be obtained
// through other dialects
auto lhsSrc = getSource(lhs);
auto rhsSrc = getSource(rhs);
return alias(lhsSrc, rhsSrc, lhs, rhs);
}
AliasResult AliasAnalysis::alias(Source lhsSrc, Source rhsSrc, mlir::Value lhs,
mlir::Value rhs) {
// TODO: alias() has to be aware of the function scopes.
// After MLIR inlining, the current implementation may
// not recognize non-aliasing entities.
bool approximateSource = lhsSrc.approximateSource || rhsSrc.approximateSource;
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << "\nAliasAnalysis::alias\n";
llvm::dbgs() << " lhs: " << lhs << "\n";
llvm::dbgs() << " lhsSrc: " << lhsSrc << "\n";
llvm::dbgs() << " rhs: " << rhs << "\n";
llvm::dbgs() << " rhsSrc: " << rhsSrc << "\n";);
// Disambiguate data and descriptors addresses.
if (noAliasBasedOnType(lhs, rhs))
return AliasResult::NoAlias;
// Indirect case currently not handled. Conservatively assume
// it aliases with everything
if (lhsSrc.kind >= SourceKind::Indirect ||
rhsSrc.kind >= SourceKind::Indirect) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << " aliasing because of indirect access\n");
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
// After a POINTER dereference the actual address is determined at runtime
// by pointer association (Fortran 2018 8.5.7, 15.5.2.13). A POINTER can
// only be associated with a TARGET or another POINTER, so the dereferenced
// address may alias any source that carries the TARGET or POINTER attribute.
// When both sides trace to the same origin variable, the pointer deref
// does not introduce cross-variable aliasing, so this check is skipped
// (the normal same-origin logic handles that case).
if (lhsSrc.origin.u != rhsSrc.origin.u &&
((lhsSrc.accessPath.hasPointerDeref() && rhsSrc.isTargetOrPointer()) ||
(rhsSrc.accessPath.hasPointerDeref() && lhsSrc.isTargetOrPointer()))) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
<< " aliasing because pointer dereference may reach "
<< "target/pointer\n");
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
// Cray pointers/pointees can alias with anything via LOC.
if (supportCrayPointers) {
if (lhsSrc.isCrayPointerOrPointee() || rhsSrc.isCrayPointerOrPointee()) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
<< " aliasing because of Cray pointer/pointee\n");
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
}
if (lhsSrc.kind == rhsSrc.kind) {
// If the kinds and origins are the same, then lhs and rhs must alias unless
// either source is approximate. Approximate sources are for parts of the
// origin, but we don't have info here on which parts and whether they
// overlap, so we normally return MayAlias in that case.
if (lhsSrc.origin == rhsSrc.origin) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
<< " aliasing because same source kind and origin\n");
if (approximateSource) {
if (pathsDivergeAtComponent(lhsSrc, rhsSrc)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
<< " no alias: different components of same origin\n");
return AliasResult::NoAlias;
}
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
// One should be careful about relying on MustAlias.
// The LLVM definition implies that the two MustAlias
// memory objects start at exactly the same location.
// With Fortran array slices two objects may have
// the same starting location, but otherwise represent
// partially overlapping memory locations, e.g.:
// integer :: a(10)
// ... a(5:1:-1) ! starts at a(5) and addresses a(5), ..., a(1)
// ... a(5:10:1) ! starts at a(5) and addresses a(5), ..., a(10)
// The current implementation of FIR alias analysis will always
// return MayAlias for such cases.
return AliasResult::MustAlias;
}
// If one value is the address of a composite, and if the other value is the
// address of a pointer/allocatable component of that composite, their
// origins compare unequal because the latter has !isData(). As for the
// address of any component vs. the address of the composite, a store to one
// can affect a load from the other, so the result should be MayAlias. To
// catch this case, we conservatively return MayAlias when one value is the
// address of a composite, the other value is non-data, and they have the
// same origin value.
//
// TODO: That logic does not check that the latter is actually a component
// of the former, so it can return MayAlias when unnecessary. For example,
// they might both be addresses of components of a larger composite.
//
// FIXME: Actually, we should generalize from isRecordWithPointerComponent
// to any composite because a component with !isData() is not always a
// pointer. However, Source::isRecordWithPointerComponent currently doesn't
// actually check for pointer components, so it's fine for now.
if (lhsSrc.origin.u == rhsSrc.origin.u &&
((isRecordWithPointerComponent(lhs.getType()) && !rhsSrc.isData()) ||
(isRecordWithPointerComponent(rhs.getType()) && !lhsSrc.isData()))) {
if (pathsDivergeAtComponent(lhsSrc, rhsSrc)) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
<< " no alias: different components of same origin\n");
return AliasResult::NoAlias;
}
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
<< " aliasing between composite and non-data component with "
<< "same source kind and origin value\n");
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
// Two host associated accesses may overlap due to an equivalence.
if (lhsSrc.kind == SourceKind::HostAssoc) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << " aliasing because of host association\n");
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
}
Source *src1, *src2;
mlir::Value *val1, *val2;
if (lhsSrc.kind < rhsSrc.kind) {
src1 = &lhsSrc;
src2 = &rhsSrc;
val1 = &lhs;
val2 = &rhs;
} else {
src1 = &rhsSrc;
src2 = &lhsSrc;
val1 = &rhs;
val2 = &lhs;
}
if (src1->kind == SourceKind::Argument &&
src2->kind == SourceKind::HostAssoc) {
// Treat the host entity as TARGET for the purpose of disambiguating
// it with a dummy access. It is required for this particular case:
// subroutine test
// integer :: x(10)
// call inner(x)
// contains
// subroutine inner(y)
// integer, target :: y(:)
// x(1) = y(1)
// end subroutine inner
// end subroutine test
//
// F18 15.5.2.13 (4) (b) allows 'x' and 'y' to address the same object.
// 'y' has an explicit TARGET attribute, but 'x' has neither TARGET
// nor POINTER.
src2->attributes.set(Attribute::Target);
}
// Two TARGET/POINTERs may alias. The logic here focuses on data. Handling
// of non-data is included below.
if (src1->isTargetOrPointer() && src2->isTargetOrPointer() &&
src1->isData() && src2->isData()) {
// Two distinct TARGET globals may not alias.
if (!src1->isPointer() && !src2->isPointer() &&
src1->kind == SourceKind::Global && src2->kind == SourceKind::Global &&
src1->origin.u != src2->origin.u) {
return AliasResult::NoAlias;
}
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << " aliasing because of target or pointer\n");
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
// Aliasing for dummy arg with target attribute.
//
// The address of a dummy arg (or HostAssoc) may alias the address of a
// non-local (global or another dummy arg) when both have target attributes.
// If either is a composite, addresses of components may alias as well.
//
// The previous "if" calling isTargetOrPointer casts a very wide net and so
// reports MayAlias for many such cases that would otherwise be reported here.
// It specifically skips such cases where one or both values have !isData()
// (e.g., address *of* pointer/allocatable component vs. address of
// composite), so this "if" catches those cases.
if (src1->attributes.test(Attribute::Target) &&
src2->attributes.test(Attribute::Target) &&
((src1->mayBeDummyArgOrHostAssoc() && src2->mayBeActualArg()) ||
(src2->mayBeDummyArgOrHostAssoc() && src1->mayBeActualArg()))) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
<< " aliasing between targets where one is a dummy arg\n");
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
// Aliasing for dummy arg that is a pointer.
//
// The address of a pointer dummy arg (but not a pointer component of a dummy
// arg) may alias the address of either (1) a non-local pointer or (2) thus a
// non-local composite with a pointer component. A non-local might be a
// global or another dummy arg. The following is an example of the global
// composite case:
//
// module m
// type t
// real, pointer :: p
// end type
// type(t) :: a
// type(t) :: b
// contains
// subroutine test(p)
// real, pointer :: p
// p = 42
// a = b
// print *, p
// end subroutine
// end module
// program main
// use m
// real, target :: x1 = 1
// real, target :: x2 = 2
// a%p => x1
// b%p => x2
// call test(a%p)
// end
//
// The dummy argument p is an alias for a%p, even for the purposes of pointer
// association during the assignment a = b. Thus, the program should print 2.
//
// The same is true when p is HostAssoc. For example, we might replace the
// test subroutine above with:
//
// subroutine test(p)
// real, pointer :: p
// call internal()
// contains
// subroutine internal()
// p = 42
// a = b
// print *, p
// end subroutine
// end subroutine
if ((src1->mayBePtrDummyArgOrHostAssoc() &&
src2->mayBeActualArgWithPtr(val2)) ||
(src2->mayBePtrDummyArgOrHostAssoc() &&
src1->mayBeActualArgWithPtr(val1))) {
LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs()
<< " aliasing between pointer dummy arg and either pointer or "
<< "composite with pointer component\n");
return AliasResult::MayAlias;
}
return AliasResult::NoAlias;
}
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// AliasAnalysis: getModRef
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
static bool isSavedLocal(const fir::AliasAnalysis::Source &src) {
if (auto symRef = llvm::dyn_cast<mlir::SymbolRefAttr>(src.origin.u)) {
auto [nameKind, deconstruct] =
fir::NameUniquer::deconstruct(symRef.getLeafReference().getValue());
return nameKind == fir::NameUniquer::NameKind::VARIABLE &&
!deconstruct.procs.empty();
}
return false;
}
bool AliasAnalysis::isCallToFortranUserProcedure(Operation *op) {
fir::CallOp call = dyn_cast<fir::CallOp>(op);
if (!call)
return false;
// TODO: indirect calls are excluded by these checks. Maybe some attribute is
// needed to flag user calls in this case.
if (fir::hasBindcAttr(call))
return true;
if (std::optional<SymbolRefAttr> callee = call.getCallee()) {
if (fir::NameUniquer::deconstruct(callee->getLeafReference().getValue())
.first == fir::NameUniquer::NameKind::PROCEDURE)
return true;
const SymbolTable *symTab = getNearestSymbolTable(call);
if (!symTab)
return false;
if (auto funcOp =
symTab->lookup<FunctionOpInterface>(callee->getLeafReference()))
if (auto name = funcOp->getAttrOfType<StringAttr>(
fir::getInternalFuncNameAttrName()))
if (fir::NameUniquer::deconstruct(name.getValue()).first ==
fir::NameUniquer::NameKind::PROCEDURE)
return true;
}
return false;
}
ModRefResult AliasAnalysis::getCallModRef(Operation *op, Value var) {
auto call = dyn_cast<fir::CallOp>(op);
if (!call)
return ModRefResult::getModAndRef();
// TODO: limit to Fortran functions??
// 1. Detect variables that can be accessed indirectly.
fir::AliasAnalysis aliasAnalysis;
fir::AliasAnalysis::Source varSrc =
aliasAnalysis.getSource(var, /*getLastInstantiationPoint=*/true);
// If the variable is not a user variable, we cannot safely assume that
// Fortran semantics apply (e.g., a bare alloca/allocmem result may very well
// be placed in an allocatable/pointer descriptor and escape).
// All the logic below is based on Fortran semantics and only holds if this
// is a call to a procedure from the Fortran source and this is a variable
// from the Fortran source. Compiler generated temporaries or functions may
// not adhere to this semantic.
// TODO: add some opt-in or op-out mechanism for compiler generated temps.
// An example of something currently problematic is the allocmem generated for
// ALLOCATE of allocatable target. It currently does not have the target
// attribute, which would lead this analysis to believe it cannot escape.
if (!varSrc.isFortranUserVariable() || !isCallToFortranUserProcedure(call))
return ModRefResult::getModAndRef();
// Pointer and target may have been captured.
if (varSrc.isTargetOrPointer())
return ModRefResult::getModAndRef();
// Host associated variables may be addressed indirectly via an internal
// function call, whether the call is in the parent or an internal procedure.
// Note that the host associated/internal procedure may be referenced
// indirectly inside calls to non internal procedure. This is because internal
// procedures may be captured or passed. As this is tricky to analyze, always
// consider such variables may be accessed in any calls.
if (varSrc.kind == fir::AliasAnalysis::SourceKind::HostAssoc ||
varSrc.isCapturedInInternalProcedure)
return ModRefResult::getModAndRef();
// At that stage, it has been ruled out that local (including the saved ones)
// and dummy cannot be indirectly accessed in the call.
if (varSrc.kind != fir::AliasAnalysis::SourceKind::Allocate &&
varSrc.kind != fir::AliasAnalysis::SourceKind::Argument &&
!varSrc.isDummyArgument()) {
if (varSrc.kind != fir::AliasAnalysis::SourceKind::Global ||
!isSavedLocal(varSrc))
return ModRefResult::getModAndRef();
}
// 2. Check if the variable is passed via the arguments.
for (auto arg : call.getArgs()) {
if (fir::conformsWithPassByRef(arg.getType()) &&
!aliasAnalysis.alias(arg, var).isNo()) {
// TODO: intent(in) would allow returning Ref here. This can be obtained
// in the func.func attributes for direct calls, but the module lookup is
// linear with the number of MLIR symbols, which would introduce a pseudo
// quadratic behavior num_calls * num_func.
return ModRefResult::getModAndRef();
}
}
// The call cannot access the variable.
return ModRefResult::getNoModRef();
}
/// This is mostly inspired by MLIR::LocalAliasAnalysis, except that
/// fir.call's are handled in a special way.
ModRefResult AliasAnalysis::getModRef(Operation *op, Value location) {
if (auto call = llvm::dyn_cast<fir::CallOp>(op)) {
ModRefResult result = getCallModRef(call, location);
if (result != ModRefResult::getModAndRef())
return result;
// Proceed to MemoryEffectOpInterface analysis in case one
// is attached for fir.call.
}
// Build a ModRefResult by merging the behavior of the effects of this
// operation.
ModRefResult result = ModRefResult::getNoModRef();
MemoryEffectOpInterface interface = dyn_cast<MemoryEffectOpInterface>(op);
if (op->hasTrait<mlir::OpTrait::HasRecursiveMemoryEffects>()) {
for (mlir::Region &region : op->getRegions()) {
result = result.merge(getModRef(region, location));
if (result.isModAndRef())
break;
}
// In MLIR, RecursiveMemoryEffects can be combined with
// MemoryEffectOpInterface to describe extra effects on top of the
// effects of the nested operations. However, the presence of
// RecursiveMemoryEffects and the absence of MemoryEffectOpInterface
// implies the operation has no other memory effects than the one of its
// nested operations.
if (!interface)
return result;
}
if (!interface || result.isModAndRef())
return ModRefResult::getModAndRef();
SmallVector<MemoryEffects::EffectInstance> effects;
interface.getEffects(effects);
for (const MemoryEffects::EffectInstance &effect : effects) {
// MemAlloc and MemFree are not mod-ref effects.
if (isa<MemoryEffects::Allocate, MemoryEffects::Free>(effect.getEffect()))
continue;
// An effect on a non-addressable resource cannot affect
// memory pointed to by 'location'.
mlir::SideEffects::Resource *resource = effect.getResource();
if (!resource->isAddressable())
continue;
// Check for an alias between the effect and our memory location.
AliasResult aliasResult = AliasResult::MayAlias;
if (Value effectValue = effect.getValue())
aliasResult = alias(effectValue, location);
// If we don't alias, ignore this effect.
if (aliasResult.isNo())
continue;
// Merge in the corresponding mod or ref for this effect.
if (isa<MemoryEffects::Read>(effect.getEffect()))
result = result.merge(ModRefResult::getRef());
else
result = result.merge(ModRefResult::getMod());
if (result.isModAndRef())
break;
}
return result;
}
ModRefResult AliasAnalysis::getModRef(mlir::Region &region,
mlir::Value location) {
ModRefResult result = ModRefResult::getNoModRef();
for (mlir::Operation &op : region.getOps()) {
result = result.merge(getModRef(&op, location));
if (result.isModAndRef())
return result;
}
return result;
}
AliasAnalysis::Source AliasAnalysis::getSource(mlir::Value v,
bool getLastInstantiationPoint) {
auto *defOp = v.getDefiningOp();
SourceKind type{SourceKind::Unknown};
mlir::Type ty;
bool breakFromLoop{false};
bool approximateSource{false};
bool isCapturedInInternalProcedure{false};
bool followBoxData{mlir::isa<fir::BaseBoxType>(v.getType())};
bool isBoxRef{fir::isa_ref_type(v.getType()) &&
mlir::isa<fir::BaseBoxType>(fir::unwrapRefType(v.getType()))};
bool followingData = !isBoxRef;
mlir::SymbolRefAttr global;
Source::Attributes attributes;
mlir::Operation *instantiationPoint{nullptr};
// Access path steps collected during the backward walk (leaf-to-root order).
// Reversed into the final AccessPath at the end, unless the box-load branch
// composes the full path directly.
llvm::SmallVector<Source::PathStep, 4> pathSteps;
Source::AccessPath accessPath;
bool accessPathFinalized{false};
while (defOp && !breakFromLoop) {
// Operations may have multiple results, so we need to analyze
// the result for which the source is queried.
auto opResult = mlir::cast<OpResult>(v);
assert(opResult.getOwner() == defOp && "v must be a result of defOp");
// Value-scoped allocation detection via effects.
if (classifyAllocateFromEffects(opResult) == SourceKind::Allocate) {
type = SourceKind::Allocate;
break;
}
ty = opResult.getType();
std::optional<AliasAnalysis::Source> accSourceReturn;
llvm::TypeSwitch<Operation *>(defOp)
.Case([&](hlfir::AsExprOp op) {
// TODO: we should probably always report hlfir.as_expr
// as a unique source, and let the codegen decide whether
// to use the original buffer or create a copy.
v = op.getVar();
defOp = v.getDefiningOp();
})
.Case([&](hlfir::AssociateOp op) {
assert(opResult != op.getMustFreeStrorageFlag() &&
"MustFreeStorageFlag result is not an aliasing candidate");
mlir::Value source = op.getSource();
if (fir::isa_trivial(source.getType())) {
// Trivial values will always use distinct temp memory,
// so we can classify this as Allocate and stop.
type = SourceKind::Allocate;
breakFromLoop = true;
} else {
// AssociateOp may reuse the expression storage,
// so we have to trace further.
v = source;
defOp = v.getDefiningOp();
}
})
.Case([&](fir::PackArrayOp op) {
// The packed array is not distinguishable from the original
// array, so skip PackArrayOp and track further through
// the array operand.
v = op.getArray();
defOp = v.getDefiningOp();
approximateSource = true;
})
.Case([&](fir::LoadOp op) {
// If load is inside target and it points to mapped item,
// continue tracking.
Operation *loadMemrefOp = op.getMemref().getDefiningOp();
bool isDeclareOp =
llvm::isa_and_present<fir::DeclareOp>(loadMemrefOp) ||
llvm::isa_and_present<hlfir::DeclareOp>(loadMemrefOp);
if (isDeclareOp &&
llvm::isa<omp::TargetOp>(loadMemrefOp->getParentOp())) {
v = op.getMemref();
defOp = v.getDefiningOp();
return;
}
// Loading a box value from memory (e.g. a pointer/allocatable
// component's descriptor). Trace the memref so derived-type
// component accesses reach their [hl]fir.declare instead of
// SourceKind::Indirect (which forces MayAlias broadly in alias()).
// The access path records a PointerDeref or AllocDeref step here
// so that alias() can distinguish pointer-dereferenced addresses
// from statically known ones.
if (auto boxTy = mlir::dyn_cast<fir::BaseBoxType>(ty); boxTy) {
bool isPointerBox = mlir::isa<fir::PointerType>(boxTy.getEleTy());
if (isPointerBox)
attributes.set(Attribute::Pointer);
auto boxSrc = getSource(op.getMemref());
attributes |= boxSrc.attributes;
approximateSource |= boxSrc.approximateSource;
isCapturedInInternalProcedure |=
boxSrc.isCapturedInInternalProcedure;
if (getLastInstantiationPoint) {
if (!instantiationPoint)
instantiationPoint = boxSrc.origin.instantiationPoint;
} else {
instantiationPoint = boxSrc.origin.instantiationPoint;
}
// Compose the access path: inner path (root to this load point)
// + deref step + outer path (this load to the queried value).
accessPath.steps = boxSrc.accessPath.steps;
Source::PathStep derefStep;
derefStep.kind = isPointerBox ? Source::PathStep::Kind::PointerDeref
: Source::PathStep::Kind::AllocDeref;
derefStep.component = {};
accessPath.steps.push_back(derefStep);
for (int i = pathSteps.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i)
accessPath.steps.push_back(pathSteps[i]);
accessPath.isApproximate =
boxSrc.accessPath.isApproximate || approximateSource;
accessPathFinalized = true;
global = llvm::dyn_cast<mlir::SymbolRefAttr>(boxSrc.origin.u);
if (global) {
type = SourceKind::Global;
} else {
auto def = llvm::cast<mlir::Value>(boxSrc.origin.u);
bool classified = false;
if (auto defAsOpResult = mlir::dyn_cast<OpResult>(def)) {
if (classifyAllocateFromEffects(defAsOpResult) ==
SourceKind::Allocate) {
v = def;
defOp = defAsOpResult.getOwner();
type = SourceKind::Allocate;
classified = true;
}
}
if (!classified) {
if (boxSrc.kind == SourceKind::Allocate) {
type = SourceKind::Allocate;
v = def;
defOp = nullptr;
} else if (isDummyArgument(def)) {
defOp = nullptr;
v = def;
} else {
type = SourceKind::Indirect;
}
}
}
breakFromLoop = true;
return;
}
// No further tracking for addresses loaded from memory for now.
type = SourceKind::Indirect;
breakFromLoop = true;
})
.Case<fir::AddrOfOp, cuf::DeviceAddressOp>([&](auto op) {
// Address of a global scope object.
ty = v.getType();
type = SourceKind::Global;
// TODO: Take followBoxData into account when setting the pointer
// attribute
if (isPointerReference(ty))
attributes.set(Attribute::Pointer);
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<std::decay_t<decltype(op)>,
fir::AddrOfOp>)
global = op.getSymbol();
else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<std::decay_t<decltype(op)>,
cuf::DeviceAddressOp>)
global = op.getHostSymbol();
else
llvm_unreachable("unexpected operation");
if (symbolMayHaveTargetAttr(global, op))
attributes.set(Attribute::Target);
breakFromLoop = true;
})
.Case<hlfir::DeclareOp, fir::DeclareOp>([&](auto op) {
// The declare operations support FortranObjectViewOpInterface,
// but their handling is more complex. Maybe we can find better
// abstractions to handle them in a general fashion.
bool isPrivateItem = false;
if (omp::BlockArgOpenMPOpInterface argIface =
dyn_cast<omp::BlockArgOpenMPOpInterface>(op->getParentOp())) {
Value ompValArg;
llvm::TypeSwitch<Operation *>(op->getParentOp())
.Case([&](omp::TargetOp targetOp) {
// If declare operation is inside omp target region,
// continue alias analysis outside the target region
for (auto [opArg, blockArg] : llvm::zip_equal(
targetOp.getMapVars(), argIface.getMapBlockArgs())) {
if (blockArg == op.getMemref()) {
omp::MapInfoOp mapInfo =
llvm::cast<omp::MapInfoOp>(opArg.getDefiningOp());
ompValArg = mapInfo.getVarPtr();
return;
}
}
// If given operation does not reflect mapping item,
// check private clause
isPrivateItem = isPrivateArg(argIface, targetOp, op);
})
.template Case<omp::DistributeOp, omp::ParallelOp,
omp::SectionsOp, omp::SimdOp, omp::SingleOp,
omp::TaskloopContextOp, omp::TaskOp,
omp::WsloopOp>([&](auto privateOp) {
isPrivateItem = isPrivateArg(argIface, privateOp, op);
});
if (ompValArg) {
v = ompValArg;
defOp = ompValArg.getDefiningOp();
return;
}
}
auto varIf = llvm::cast<fir::FortranVariableOpInterface>(defOp);
// While going through a declare operation collect
// the variable attributes from it. Right now, some
// of the attributes are duplicated, e.g. a TARGET dummy
// argument has the target attribute both on its declare
// operation and on the entry block argument.
// In case of host associated use, the declare operation
// is the only carrier of the variable attributes,
// so we have to collect them here.
attributes |= getAttrsFromVariable(varIf);
isCapturedInInternalProcedure |=
varIf.isCapturedInInternalProcedure();
if (varIf.isHostAssoc()) {
// Do not track past such DeclareOp, because it does not
// currently provide any useful information. The host associated
// access will end up dereferencing the host association tuple,
// so we may as well stop right now.
v = opResult;
// TODO: if the host associated variable is a dummy argument
// of the host, I think, we can treat it as SourceKind::Argument
// for the purpose of alias analysis inside the internal procedure.
type = SourceKind::HostAssoc;
breakFromLoop = true;
return;
}
if (getLastInstantiationPoint) {
// Fetch only the innermost instantiation point.
if (!instantiationPoint)
instantiationPoint = op;
if (op.getDummyScope()) {
// Do not track past DeclareOp that has the dummy_scope
// operand. This DeclareOp is known to represent
// a dummy argument for some runtime instantiation
// of a procedure.
type = SourceKind::Argument;
breakFromLoop = true;
return;
}
} else {
instantiationPoint = op;
}
if (isPrivateItem) {
type = SourceKind::Allocate;
breakFromLoop = true;
return;
}
// TODO: Look for the fortran attributes present on the operation
// Track further through the operand
v = op.getMemref();
defOp = v.getDefiningOp();
})
.Case([&](fir::FortranObjectViewOpInterface op) {
// This case must be located after the cases for concrete
// operations that support FortraObjectViewOpInterface,
// so that their special handling kicks in.
// fir.embox/rebox case: this is the only case where we check
// for followBoxData.
// TODO: it looks like we do not have LIT tests that fail
// upon removal of the followBoxData code. We should come up
// with a test or remove this code.
if (!followBoxData &&
(mlir::isa<fir::EmboxOp>(op) || mlir::isa<fir::ReboxOp>(op))) {
breakFromLoop = true;
return;
}
// Record component access steps for the access path.
//
// hlfir.designate carries the component name directly as a
// StringAttr, e.g. hlfir.designate %x{"fieldName"}.
if (auto designateOp = mlir::dyn_cast<hlfir::DesignateOp>(defOp)) {
if (auto comp = designateOp.getComponent()) {
Source::PathStep step;
step.kind = Source::PathStep::Kind::Component;
step.component = *comp;
pathSteps.push_back(step);
}
} else if (auto coordOp = mlir::dyn_cast<fir::CoordinateOp>(defOp)) {
// fir.coordinate_of encodes field accesses as integer indices
// into the record type's field list (the field_indices attr).
// A single coordinate_of may access multiple nested fields,
// e.g. fir.coordinate_of %obj, inner, a has field_indices
// [inner_idx, a_idx]. Walk the type hierarchy to recover
// the field name for each static index. Dynamic indices
// (kDynamicIndex) correspond to array subscripts, not named
// components, so they only advance the type through the
// array dimension.
std::optional<llvm::ArrayRef<int32_t>> fieldIndices =
coordOp.getFieldIndices();
if (fieldIndices) {
mlir::Type currentTy =
fir::dyn_cast_ptrOrBoxEleTy(coordOp.getRef().getType());
llvm::SmallVector<mlir::StringAttr, 4> componentNames;
unsigned dimension = 0;
for (int32_t idx : *fieldIndices) {
if (idx == fir::CoordinateOp::kDynamicIndex) {
if (dimension == 0) {
if (auto seqTy =
mlir::dyn_cast<fir::SequenceType>(currentTy))
dimension = seqTy.getDimension();
}
if (dimension) {
if (--dimension == 0)
currentTy = mlir::cast<fir::SequenceType>(currentTy)
.getElementType();
}
continue;
}
auto recTy = mlir::dyn_cast<fir::RecordType>(currentTy);
if (!recTy) {
// Unexpected type structure; discard any partially
// collected names so the access path stays conservative
// rather than recording a misleading partial path.
componentNames.clear();
break;
}
auto typeList = recTy.getTypeList();
if (idx < 0 || static_cast<size_t>(idx) >= typeList.size()) {
// Out-of-bounds field index; same conservative treatment.
componentNames.clear();
break;
}
componentNames.push_back(mlir::StringAttr::get(
defOp->getContext(), typeList[idx].first));
currentTy = typeList[idx].second;
}
// pathSteps is in leaf-to-root order (reversed at the end),
// so push innermost component first.
for (auto it = componentNames.rbegin();
it != componentNames.rend(); ++it) {
Source::PathStep step;
step.kind = Source::PathStep::Kind::Component;
step.component = *it;
pathSteps.push_back(step);
}
}
}
// Collect attributes from FortranVariableOpInterface operations.
if (auto varIf =
mlir::dyn_cast<fir::FortranVariableOpInterface>(defOp))
attributes |= getAttrsFromVariable(varIf);
// Set Pointer attribute based on the reference type.
if (isPointerReference(ty))
attributes.set(Attribute::Pointer);
// Update v to point to the operand that represents the object
// referenced by the operation's result.
v = op.getViewSource(opResult);
defOp = v.getDefiningOp();
// If the input the resulting object references are offsetted,
// then set approximateSource.
auto offset = op.getViewOffset(opResult);
if (!offset || *offset != 0)
approximateSource = true;
// If the source is a box, and the result is not a box,
// then this is one of the box "unpacking" operations,
// so we should set followBoxData.
if (mlir::isa<fir::BaseBoxType>(v.getType()) &&
!mlir::isa<fir::BaseBoxType>(ty))
followBoxData = true;
})
.Case<ACC_DATA_ENTRY_AND_INIT_OPS>([&](auto op) {
accSourceReturn = getSourceForACCMappedValue(
v, op.getOperation(),
[&](mlir::Value x) {
return getSource(x, getLastInstantiationPoint);
},
followingData, attributes);
breakFromLoop = true;
})
.Default([&](auto op) {
defOp = nullptr;
breakFromLoop = true;
});
if (accSourceReturn)
return *accSourceReturn;
}
if (!defOp && type == SourceKind::Unknown) {
// Check if the memory source is coming through a dummy argument.
if (isDummyArgument(v)) {
type = SourceKind::Argument;
ty = v.getType();
if (fir::valueHasFirAttribute(v, fir::getTargetAttrName()))
attributes.set(Attribute::Target);
if (isPointerReference(ty))
attributes.set(Attribute::Pointer);
} else if (isEvaluateInMemoryBlockArg(v)) {
// hlfir.eval_in_mem block operands is allocated by the operation.
type = SourceKind::Allocate;
ty = v.getType();
} else if (mlir::Operation *accOp =
mlir::acc::getACCDataClauseOpForBlockArg(v)) {
return getSourceForACCMappedValue(
v, accOp,
[&](mlir::Value x) {
return getSource(x, getLastInstantiationPoint);
},
followingData, attributes);
}
}
// Finalize the access path if not already done by the box-load branch.
if (!accessPathFinalized) {
std::reverse(pathSteps.begin(), pathSteps.end());
accessPath.steps = std::move(pathSteps);
accessPath.isApproximate = approximateSource;
}
if (type == SourceKind::Global) {
return {{global, instantiationPoint, followingData},
type,
ty,
attributes,
approximateSource,
accessPath,
isCapturedInInternalProcedure};
}
return {{v, instantiationPoint, followingData},
type,
ty,
attributes,
approximateSource,
accessPath,
isCapturedInInternalProcedure};
}
const mlir::SymbolTable *
fir::AliasAnalysis::getNearestSymbolTable(mlir::Operation *from) {
assert(from);
Operation *symTabOp = mlir::SymbolTable::getNearestSymbolTable(from);
if (!symTabOp)
return nullptr;
auto it = symTabMap.find(symTabOp);
if (it != symTabMap.end())
return &it->second;
return &symTabMap.try_emplace(symTabOp, symTabOp).first->second;
}
} // namespace fir