|  | /* Support routines for the intrinsic power (**) operator. | 
|  | Copyright 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | 
|  | Contributed by Paul Brook | 
|  |  | 
|  | This file is part of the GNU Fortran 95 runtime library (libgfortran). | 
|  |  | 
|  | Libgfortran is free software; you can redistribute it and/or | 
|  | modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public | 
|  | License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either | 
|  | version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. | 
|  |  | 
|  | In addition to the permissions in the GNU General Public License, the | 
|  | Free Software Foundation gives you unlimited permission to link the | 
|  | compiled version of this file into combinations with other programs, | 
|  | and to distribute those combinations without any restriction coming | 
|  | from the use of this file.  (The General Public License restrictions | 
|  | do apply in other respects; for example, they cover modification of | 
|  | the file, and distribution when not linked into a combine | 
|  | executable.) | 
|  |  | 
|  | Libgfortran is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | 
|  | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | 
|  | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the | 
|  | GNU General Public License for more details. | 
|  |  | 
|  | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public | 
|  | License along with libgfortran; see the file COPYING.  If not, | 
|  | write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, | 
|  | Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */ | 
|  |  | 
|  | #include "config.h" | 
|  | #include "libgfortran.h" | 
|  |  | 
|  | /* Use Binary Method to calculate the powi. This is not an optimal but | 
|  | a simple and reasonable arithmetic. See section 4.6.3, "Evaluation of | 
|  | Powers" of Donald E. Knuth, "Seminumerical Algorithms", Vol. 2, "The Art | 
|  | of Computer Programming", 3rd Edition, 1998.  */ | 
|  |  | 
|  | #if defined (HAVE_GFC_COMPLEX_4) && defined (HAVE_GFC_INTEGER_8) | 
|  |  | 
|  | GFC_COMPLEX_4 pow_c4_i8 (GFC_COMPLEX_4 a, GFC_INTEGER_8 b); | 
|  | export_proto(pow_c4_i8); | 
|  |  | 
|  | GFC_COMPLEX_4 | 
|  | pow_c4_i8 (GFC_COMPLEX_4 a, GFC_INTEGER_8 b) | 
|  | { | 
|  | GFC_COMPLEX_4 pow, x; | 
|  | GFC_INTEGER_8 n; | 
|  | GFC_UINTEGER_8 u; | 
|  |  | 
|  | n = b; | 
|  | x = a; | 
|  | pow = 1; | 
|  | if (n != 0) | 
|  | { | 
|  | if (n < 0) | 
|  | { | 
|  |  | 
|  | u = -n; | 
|  | x = pow / x; | 
|  | } | 
|  | else | 
|  | { | 
|  | u = n; | 
|  | } | 
|  | for (;;) | 
|  | { | 
|  | if (u & 1) | 
|  | pow *= x; | 
|  | u >>= 1; | 
|  | if (u) | 
|  | x *= x; | 
|  | else | 
|  | break; | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  | return pow; | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | #endif |