tools/llvm-pdbutil/ExplainOutputStyle.cpp - llvm - Git at Google

 //===- ExplainOutputStyle.cpp --------------------------------- *- C++ --*-===//
 //
 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
 //
 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

 #include "ExplainOutputStyle.h"

 #include "FormatUtil.h"
 #include "InputFile.h"
 #include "StreamUtil.h"
 #include "llvm-pdbutil.h"

 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/Formatters.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/MSF/MappedBlockStream.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/DbiStream.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/InfoStream.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/PDBFile.h"
 #include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/RawTypes.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/BinaryByteStream.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/BinaryStreamArray.h"
 #include "llvm/Support/Error.h"

 using namespace llvm;
 using namespace llvm::codeview;
 using namespace llvm::msf;
 using namespace llvm::pdb;

 ExplainOutputStyle::ExplainOutputStyle(InputFile &File, uint64_t FileOffset)
     : File(File), FileOffset(FileOffset), P(2, false, outs()) {}

 Error ExplainOutputStyle::dump() {
   P.formatLine("Explaining file offset {0} of file '{1}'.", FileOffset,
                File.getFilePath());

   if (File.isPdb())
     return explainPdbFile();

   return explainBinaryFile();
 }

 Error ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbFile() {
   bool IsAllocated = explainPdbBlockStatus();
   if (!IsAllocated)
     return Error::success();

   AutoIndent Indent(P);
   if (isPdbSuperBlock())
     explainPdbSuperBlockOffset();
   else if (isPdbFpmBlock())
     explainPdbFpmBlockOffset();
   else if (isPdbBlockMapBlock())
     explainPdbBlockMapOffset();
   else if (isPdbStreamDirectoryBlock())
     explainPdbStreamDirectoryOffset();
   else if (auto Index = getPdbBlockStreamIndex())
     explainPdbStreamOffset(*Index);
   else
     explainPdbUnknownBlock();
   return Error::success();
 }

 Error ExplainOutputStyle::explainBinaryFile() {
   std::unique_ptr<BinaryByteStream> Stream =
       llvm::make_unique<BinaryByteStream>(File.unknown().getBuffer(),
                                           llvm::support::little);
   switch (opts::explain::InputType) {
   case opts::explain::InputFileType::DBIStream: {
     DbiStream Dbi(std::move(Stream));
     if (auto EC = Dbi.reload(nullptr))
       return EC;
     explainStreamOffset(Dbi, FileOffset);
     break;
   }
   case opts::explain::InputFileType::PDBStream: {
     InfoStream Info(std::move(Stream));
     if (auto EC = Info.reload())
       return EC;
     explainStreamOffset(Info, FileOffset);
     break;
   }
   default:
     llvm_unreachable("Invalid input file type!");
   }
   return Error::success();
 }

 uint32_t ExplainOutputStyle::pdbBlockIndex() const {
   return FileOffset / File.pdb().getBlockSize();
 }

 uint32_t ExplainOutputStyle::pdbBlockOffset() const {
   uint64_t BlockStart = pdbBlockIndex() * File.pdb().getBlockSize();
   assert(FileOffset >= BlockStart);
   return FileOffset - BlockStart;
 }

 bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbSuperBlock() const {
   return pdbBlockIndex() == 0;
 }

 bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbFpm1() const {
   return ((pdbBlockIndex() - 1) % File.pdb().getBlockSize() == 0);
 }
 bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbFpm2() const {
   return ((pdbBlockIndex() - 2) % File.pdb().getBlockSize() == 0);
 }

 bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbFpmBlock() const {
   return isPdbFpm1() || isPdbFpm2();
 }

 bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbBlockMapBlock() const {
   return pdbBlockIndex() == File.pdb().getBlockMapIndex();
 }

 bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbStreamDirectoryBlock() const {
   const auto &Layout = File.pdb().getMsfLayout();
   return llvm::is_contained(Layout.DirectoryBlocks, pdbBlockIndex());
 }

 Optional<uint32_t> ExplainOutputStyle::getPdbBlockStreamIndex() const {
   const auto &Layout = File.pdb().getMsfLayout();
   for (const auto &Entry : enumerate(Layout.StreamMap)) {
     if (!llvm::is_contained(Entry.value(), pdbBlockIndex()))
       continue;
     return Entry.index();
   }
   return None;
 }

 bool ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbBlockStatus() {
   if (FileOffset >= File.pdb().getFileSize()) {
     P.formatLine("Address {0} is not in the file (file size = {1}).",
                  FileOffset, File.pdb().getFileSize());
     return false;
   }
   P.formatLine("Block:Offset = {2:X-}:{1:X-4}.", FileOffset, pdbBlockOffset(),
                pdbBlockIndex());

   bool IsFree = File.pdb().getMsfLayout().FreePageMap[pdbBlockIndex()];
   P.formatLine("Address is in block {0} ({1}allocated).", pdbBlockIndex(),
                IsFree ? "un" : "");
   return !IsFree;
 }

 #define endof(Class, Field) (offsetof(Class, Field) + sizeof(Class::Field))

 void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbSuperBlockOffset() {
   P.formatLine("This corresponds to offset {0} of the MSF super block, ",
                pdbBlockOffset());
   if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, MagicBytes))
     P.printLine("which is part of the MSF file magic.");
   else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, BlockSize)) {
     P.printLine("which contains the block size of the file.");
     P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
                  uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->BlockSize));
   } else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, FreeBlockMapBlock)) {
     P.printLine("which contains the index of the FPM block (e.g. 1 or 2).");
     P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
                  uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->FreeBlockMapBlock));
   } else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, NumBlocks)) {
     P.printLine("which contains the number of blocks in the file.");
     P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
                  uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->NumBlocks));
   } else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, NumDirectoryBytes)) {
     P.printLine("which contains the number of bytes in the stream directory.");
     P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
                  uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->NumDirectoryBytes));
   } else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, Unknown1)) {
     P.printLine("whose purpose is unknown.");
     P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
                  uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->Unknown1));
   } else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, BlockMapAddr)) {
     P.printLine("which contains the file offset of the block map.");
     P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
                  uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->BlockMapAddr));
   } else {
     assert(pdbBlockOffset() > sizeof(SuperBlock));
     P.printLine(
         "which is outside the range of valid data for the super block.");
   }
 }

 static std::string toBinaryString(uint8_t Byte) {
   char Result[9] = {0};
   for (int I = 0; I < 8; ++I) {
     char C = (Byte & 1) ? '1' : '0';
     Result[I] = C;
     Byte >>= 1;
   }
   return std::string(Result);
 }

 void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbFpmBlockOffset() {
   const MSFLayout &Layout = File.pdb().getMsfLayout();
   uint32_t MainFpm = Layout.mainFpmBlock();
   uint32_t AltFpm = Layout.alternateFpmBlock();

   assert(isPdbFpmBlock());
   uint32_t Fpm = isPdbFpm1() ? 1 : 2;
   uint32_t FpmChunk = pdbBlockIndex() / File.pdb().getBlockSize();
   assert((Fpm == MainFpm) || (Fpm == AltFpm));
   (void)AltFpm;
   bool IsMain = (Fpm == MainFpm);
   P.formatLine("Address is in FPM{0} ({1} FPM)", Fpm, IsMain ? "Main" : "Alt");
   uint32_t DescribedBlockStart =
       8 * (FpmChunk * File.pdb().getBlockSize() + pdbBlockOffset());
   if (DescribedBlockStart > File.pdb().getBlockCount()) {
     P.printLine("Address is in extraneous FPM space.");
     return;
   }

   P.formatLine("Address describes the allocation status of blocks [{0},{1})",
                DescribedBlockStart, DescribedBlockStart + 8);
   ArrayRef<uint8_t> Bytes;
   cantFail(File.pdb().getMsfBuffer().readBytes(FileOffset, 1, Bytes));
   P.formatLine("Status = {0} (Note: 0 = allocated, 1 = free)",
                toBinaryString(Bytes[0]));
 }

 void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbBlockMapOffset() {
   uint64_t BlockMapOffset = File.pdb().getBlockMapOffset();
   uint32_t OffsetInBlock = FileOffset - BlockMapOffset;
   P.formatLine("Address is at offset {0} of the directory block list",
                OffsetInBlock);
 }

 static uint32_t getOffsetInStream(ArrayRef<support::ulittle32_t> StreamBlocks,
                                   uint64_t FileOffset, uint32_t BlockSize) {
   uint32_t BlockIndex = FileOffset / BlockSize;
   uint32_t OffsetInBlock = FileOffset - BlockIndex * BlockSize;

   auto Iter = llvm::find(StreamBlocks, BlockIndex);
   assert(Iter != StreamBlocks.end());
   uint32_t StreamBlockIndex = std::distance(StreamBlocks.begin(), Iter);
   return StreamBlockIndex * BlockSize + OffsetInBlock;
 }

 void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbStreamOffset(uint32_t Stream) {
   SmallVector<StreamInfo, 12> Streams;
   discoverStreamPurposes(File.pdb(), Streams);

   assert(Stream <= Streams.size());
   const StreamInfo &S = Streams[Stream];
   const auto &Layout = File.pdb().getStreamLayout(Stream);
   uint32_t StreamOff =
       getOffsetInStream(Layout.Blocks, FileOffset, File.pdb().getBlockSize());
   P.formatLine("Address is at offset {0}/{1} of Stream {2} ({3}){4}.",
                StreamOff, Layout.Length, Stream, S.getLongName(),
                (StreamOff > Layout.Length) ? " in unused space" : "");
   switch (S.getPurpose()) {
   case StreamPurpose::DBI: {
     DbiStream &Dbi = cantFail(File.pdb().getPDBDbiStream());
     explainStreamOffset(Dbi, StreamOff);
     break;
   }
   case StreamPurpose::PDB: {
     InfoStream &Info = cantFail(File.pdb().getPDBInfoStream());
     explainStreamOffset(Info, StreamOff);
     break;
   }
   case StreamPurpose::IPI:
   case StreamPurpose::TPI:
   case StreamPurpose::ModuleStream:
   case StreamPurpose::NamedStream:
   default:
     break;
   }
 }

 void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbStreamDirectoryOffset() {
   auto DirectoryBlocks = File.pdb().getDirectoryBlockArray();
   const auto &Layout = File.pdb().getMsfLayout();
   uint32_t StreamOff =
       getOffsetInStream(DirectoryBlocks, FileOffset, File.pdb().getBlockSize());
   P.formatLine("Address is at offset {0}/{1} of Stream Directory{2}.",
                StreamOff, uint32_t(Layout.SB->NumDirectoryBytes),
                uint32_t(StreamOff > Layout.SB->NumDirectoryBytes)
                    ? " in unused space"
                    : "");
 }

 void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbUnknownBlock() {
   P.formatLine("Address has unknown purpose.");
 }

 template <typename T>
 static void printStructField(LinePrinter &P, StringRef Label, T Value) {
   P.formatLine("which contains {0}.", Label);
   P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.", Value);
 }

 static void explainDbiHeaderOffset(LinePrinter &P, DbiStream &Dbi,
                                    uint32_t Offset) {
   const DbiStreamHeader *Header = Dbi.getHeader();
   assert(Header != nullptr);

   if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, VersionSignature))
     printStructField(P, "the DBI Stream Version Signature",
                      int32_t(Header->VersionSignature));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, VersionHeader))
     printStructField(P, "the DBI Stream Version Header",
                      uint32_t(Header->VersionHeader));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, Age))
     printStructField(P, "the age of the DBI Stream", uint32_t(Header->Age));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, GlobalSymbolStreamIndex))
     printStructField(P, "the index of the Global Symbol Stream",
                      uint16_t(Header->GlobalSymbolStreamIndex));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, BuildNumber))
     printStructField(P, "the build number", uint16_t(Header->BuildNumber));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, PublicSymbolStreamIndex))
     printStructField(P, "the index of the Public Symbol Stream",
                      uint16_t(Header->PublicSymbolStreamIndex));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, PdbDllVersion))
     printStructField(P, "the version of mspdb.dll",
                      uint16_t(Header->PdbDllVersion));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, SymRecordStreamIndex))
     printStructField(P, "the index of the Symbol Record Stream",
                      uint16_t(Header->SymRecordStreamIndex));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, PdbDllRbld))
     printStructField(P, "the rbld of mspdb.dll", uint16_t(Header->PdbDllRbld));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, ModiSubstreamSize))
     printStructField(P, "the size of the Module Info Substream",
                      int32_t(Header->ModiSubstreamSize));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, SecContrSubstreamSize))
     printStructField(P, "the size of the Section Contribution Substream",
                      int32_t(Header->SecContrSubstreamSize));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, SectionMapSize))
     printStructField(P, "the size of the Section Map Substream",
                      int32_t(Header->SectionMapSize));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, FileInfoSize))
     printStructField(P, "the size of the File Info Substream",
                      int32_t(Header->FileInfoSize));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, TypeServerSize))
     printStructField(P, "the size of the Type Server Map",
                      int32_t(Header->TypeServerSize));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, MFCTypeServerIndex))
     printStructField(P, "the index of the MFC Type Server stream",
                      uint32_t(Header->MFCTypeServerIndex));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, OptionalDbgHdrSize))
     printStructField(P, "the size of the Optional Debug Stream array",
                      int32_t(Header->OptionalDbgHdrSize));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, ECSubstreamSize))
     printStructField(P, "the size of the Edit & Continue Substream",
                      int32_t(Header->ECSubstreamSize));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, Flags))
     printStructField(P, "the DBI Stream flags", uint16_t(Header->Flags));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, MachineType))
     printStructField(P, "the machine type", uint16_t(Header->MachineType));
   else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, Reserved))
     printStructField(P, "reserved data", uint32_t(Header->Reserved));
 }

 static void explainDbiModiSubstreamOffset(LinePrinter &P, DbiStream &Dbi,
                                           uint32_t Offset) {
   VarStreamArray<DbiModuleDescriptor> ModuleDescriptors;
   BinaryStreamRef ModiSubstreamData = Dbi.getModiSubstreamData().StreamData;
   BinaryStreamReader Reader(ModiSubstreamData);

   cantFail(Reader.readArray(ModuleDescriptors, ModiSubstreamData.getLength()));
   auto Prev = ModuleDescriptors.begin();
   assert(Prev.offset() == 0);
   auto Current = Prev;
   uint32_t Index = 0;
   while (true) {
     Prev = Current;
     ++Current;
     if (Current == ModuleDescriptors.end() || Offset < Current.offset())
       break;
     ++Index;
   }

   DbiModuleDescriptor &Descriptor = *Prev;
   P.formatLine("which contains the descriptor for module {0} ({1}).", Index,
                Descriptor.getModuleName());
 }

 template <typename T>
 static void dontExplain(LinePrinter &Printer, T &Stream, uint32_t Offset) {}

 template <typename T, typename SubstreamRangeT>
 static void explainSubstreamOffset(LinePrinter &P, uint32_t OffsetInStream,
                                    T &Stream,
                                    const SubstreamRangeT &Substreams) {
   uint32_t SubOffset = OffsetInStream;
   for (const auto &Entry : Substreams) {
     if (Entry.Size <= 0)
       continue;
     uint32_t S = static_cast<uint32_t>(Entry.Size);
     if (SubOffset < S) {
       P.formatLine("address is at offset {0}/{1} of the {2}.", SubOffset, S,
                    Entry.Label);
       Entry.Explain(P, Stream, SubOffset);
       return;
     }
     SubOffset -= S;
   }
 }

 void ExplainOutputStyle::explainStreamOffset(DbiStream &Dbi,
                                              uint32_t OffsetInStream) {
   P.printLine("Within the DBI stream:");
   AutoIndent Indent(P);
   const DbiStreamHeader *Header = Dbi.getHeader();
   assert(Header != nullptr);

   struct SubstreamInfo {
     int32_t Size;
     StringRef Label;
     void (*Explain)(LinePrinter &, DbiStream &, uint32_t);
   } Substreams[] = {
       {sizeof(DbiStreamHeader), "DBI Stream Header", explainDbiHeaderOffset},
       {int32_t(Header->ModiSubstreamSize), "Module Info Substream",
        explainDbiModiSubstreamOffset},
       {int32_t(Header->SecContrSubstreamSize), "Section Contribution Substream",
        dontExplain<DbiStream>},
       {int32_t(Header->SectionMapSize), "Section Map", dontExplain<DbiStream>},
       {int32_t(Header->FileInfoSize), "File Info Substream",
        dontExplain<DbiStream>},
       {int32_t(Header->TypeServerSize), "Type Server Map Substream",
        dontExplain<DbiStream>},
       {int32_t(Header->ECSubstreamSize), "Edit & Continue Substream",
        dontExplain<DbiStream>},
       {int32_t(Header->OptionalDbgHdrSize), "Optional Debug Stream Array",
        dontExplain<DbiStream>},
   };

   explainSubstreamOffset(P, OffsetInStream, Dbi, Substreams);
 }

 static void explainPdbStreamHeaderOffset(LinePrinter &P, InfoStream &Info,
                                          uint32_t Offset) {
   const InfoStreamHeader *Header = Info.getHeader();
   assert(Header != nullptr);

   if (Offset < endof(InfoStreamHeader, Version))
     printStructField(P, "the PDB Stream Version Signature",
                      uint32_t(Header->Version));
   else if (Offset < endof(InfoStreamHeader, Signature))
     printStructField(P, "the signature of the PDB Stream",
                      uint32_t(Header->Signature));
   else if (Offset < endof(InfoStreamHeader, Age))
     printStructField(P, "the age of the PDB", uint32_t(Header->Age));
   else if (Offset < endof(InfoStreamHeader, Guid))
     printStructField(P, "the guid of the PDB", fmt_guid(Header->Guid.Guid));
 }

 void ExplainOutputStyle::explainStreamOffset(InfoStream &Info,
                                              uint32_t OffsetInStream) {
   P.printLine("Within the PDB stream:");
   AutoIndent Indent(P);

   struct SubstreamInfo {
     uint32_t Size;
     StringRef Label;
     void (*Explain)(LinePrinter &, InfoStream &, uint32_t);
   } Substreams[] = {{sizeof(InfoStreamHeader), "PDB Stream Header",
                      explainPdbStreamHeaderOffset},
                     {Info.getNamedStreamMapByteSize(), "Named Stream Map",
                      dontExplain<InfoStream>},
                     {Info.getStreamSize(), "PDB Feature Signatures",
                      dontExplain<InfoStream>}};

   explainSubstreamOffset(P, OffsetInStream, Info, Substreams);
 }
	//===- ExplainOutputStyle.cpp --------------------------------- - C++ ---===//
	//
	// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
	//
	// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
	// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
	//
	//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

	#include "ExplainOutputStyle.h"

	#include "FormatUtil.h"
	#include "InputFile.h"
	#include "StreamUtil.h"
	#include "llvm-pdbutil.h"

	#include "llvm/DebugInfo/CodeView/Formatters.h"
	#include "llvm/DebugInfo/MSF/MappedBlockStream.h"
	#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/DbiStream.h"
	#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/InfoStream.h"
	#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/PDBFile.h"
	#include "llvm/DebugInfo/PDB/Native/RawTypes.h"
	#include "llvm/Support/BinaryByteStream.h"
	#include "llvm/Support/BinaryStreamArray.h"
	#include "llvm/Support/Error.h"

	using namespace llvm;
	using namespace llvm::codeview;
	using namespace llvm::msf;
	using namespace llvm::pdb;

	ExplainOutputStyle::ExplainOutputStyle(InputFile &File, uint64_t FileOffset)
	: File(File), FileOffset(FileOffset), P(2, false, outs()) {}

	Error ExplainOutputStyle::dump() {
	P.formatLine("Explaining file offset {0} of file '{1}'.", FileOffset,
	File.getFilePath());

	if (File.isPdb())
	return explainPdbFile();

	return explainBinaryFile();
	}

	Error ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbFile() {
	bool IsAllocated = explainPdbBlockStatus();
	if (!IsAllocated)
	return Error::success();

	AutoIndent Indent(P);
	if (isPdbSuperBlock())
	explainPdbSuperBlockOffset();
	else if (isPdbFpmBlock())
	explainPdbFpmBlockOffset();
	else if (isPdbBlockMapBlock())
	explainPdbBlockMapOffset();
	else if (isPdbStreamDirectoryBlock())
	explainPdbStreamDirectoryOffset();
	else if (auto Index = getPdbBlockStreamIndex())
	explainPdbStreamOffset(*Index);
	else
	explainPdbUnknownBlock();
	return Error::success();
	}

	Error ExplainOutputStyle::explainBinaryFile() {
	std::unique_ptr<BinaryByteStream> Stream =
	llvm::make_unique<BinaryByteStream>(File.unknown().getBuffer(),
	llvm::support::little);
	switch (opts::explain::InputType) {
	case opts::explain::InputFileType::DBIStream: {
	DbiStream Dbi(std::move(Stream));
	if (auto EC = Dbi.reload(nullptr))
	return EC;
	explainStreamOffset(Dbi, FileOffset);
	break;
	}
	case opts::explain::InputFileType::PDBStream: {
	InfoStream Info(std::move(Stream));
	if (auto EC = Info.reload())
	return EC;
	explainStreamOffset(Info, FileOffset);
	break;
	}
	default:
	llvm_unreachable("Invalid input file type!");
	}
	return Error::success();
	}

	uint32_t ExplainOutputStyle::pdbBlockIndex() const {
	return FileOffset / File.pdb().getBlockSize();
	}

	uint32_t ExplainOutputStyle::pdbBlockOffset() const {
	uint64_t BlockStart = pdbBlockIndex() * File.pdb().getBlockSize();
	assert(FileOffset >= BlockStart);
	return FileOffset - BlockStart;
	}

	bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbSuperBlock() const {
	return pdbBlockIndex() == 0;
	}

	bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbFpm1() const {
	return ((pdbBlockIndex() - 1) % File.pdb().getBlockSize() == 0);
	}
	bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbFpm2() const {
	return ((pdbBlockIndex() - 2) % File.pdb().getBlockSize() == 0);
	}

	bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbFpmBlock() const {
	return isPdbFpm1() \|\| isPdbFpm2();
	}

	bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbBlockMapBlock() const {
	return pdbBlockIndex() == File.pdb().getBlockMapIndex();
	}

	bool ExplainOutputStyle::isPdbStreamDirectoryBlock() const {
	const auto &Layout = File.pdb().getMsfLayout();
	return llvm::is_contained(Layout.DirectoryBlocks, pdbBlockIndex());
	}

	Optional<uint32_t> ExplainOutputStyle::getPdbBlockStreamIndex() const {
	const auto &Layout = File.pdb().getMsfLayout();
	for (const auto &Entry : enumerate(Layout.StreamMap)) {
	if (!llvm::is_contained(Entry.value(), pdbBlockIndex()))
	continue;
	return Entry.index();
	}
	return None;
	}

	bool ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbBlockStatus() {
	if (FileOffset >= File.pdb().getFileSize()) {
	P.formatLine("Address {0} is not in the file (file size = {1}).",
	FileOffset, File.pdb().getFileSize());
	return false;
	}
	P.formatLine("Block:Offset = {2:X-}:{1:X-4}.", FileOffset, pdbBlockOffset(),
	pdbBlockIndex());

	bool IsFree = File.pdb().getMsfLayout().FreePageMap[pdbBlockIndex()];
	P.formatLine("Address is in block {0} ({1}allocated).", pdbBlockIndex(),
	IsFree ? "un" : "");
	return !IsFree;
	}

	#define endof(Class, Field) (offsetof(Class, Field) + sizeof(Class::Field))

	void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbSuperBlockOffset() {
	P.formatLine("This corresponds to offset {0} of the MSF super block, ",
	pdbBlockOffset());
	if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, MagicBytes))
	P.printLine("which is part of the MSF file magic.");
	else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, BlockSize)) {
	P.printLine("which contains the block size of the file.");
	P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
	uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->BlockSize));
	} else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, FreeBlockMapBlock)) {
	P.printLine("which contains the index of the FPM block (e.g. 1 or 2).");
	P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
	uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->FreeBlockMapBlock));
	} else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, NumBlocks)) {
	P.printLine("which contains the number of blocks in the file.");
	P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
	uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->NumBlocks));
	} else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, NumDirectoryBytes)) {
	P.printLine("which contains the number of bytes in the stream directory.");
	P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
	uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->NumDirectoryBytes));
	} else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, Unknown1)) {
	P.printLine("whose purpose is unknown.");
	P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
	uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->Unknown1));
	} else if (pdbBlockOffset() < endof(SuperBlock, BlockMapAddr)) {
	P.printLine("which contains the file offset of the block map.");
	P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.",
	uint32_t(File.pdb().getMsfLayout().SB->BlockMapAddr));
	} else {
	assert(pdbBlockOffset() > sizeof(SuperBlock));
	P.printLine(
	"which is outside the range of valid data for the super block.");
	}
	}

	static std::string toBinaryString(uint8_t Byte) {
	char Result[9] = {0};
	for (int I = 0; I < 8; ++I) {
	char C = (Byte & 1) ? '1' : '0';
	Result[I] = C;
	Byte >>= 1;
	}
	return std::string(Result);
	}

	void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbFpmBlockOffset() {
	const MSFLayout &Layout = File.pdb().getMsfLayout();
	uint32_t MainFpm = Layout.mainFpmBlock();
	uint32_t AltFpm = Layout.alternateFpmBlock();

	assert(isPdbFpmBlock());
	uint32_t Fpm = isPdbFpm1() ? 1 : 2;
	uint32_t FpmChunk = pdbBlockIndex() / File.pdb().getBlockSize();
	assert((Fpm == MainFpm) \|\| (Fpm == AltFpm));
	(void)AltFpm;
	bool IsMain = (Fpm == MainFpm);
	P.formatLine("Address is in FPM{0} ({1} FPM)", Fpm, IsMain ? "Main" : "Alt");
	uint32_t DescribedBlockStart =
	8 * (FpmChunk * File.pdb().getBlockSize() + pdbBlockOffset());
	if (DescribedBlockStart > File.pdb().getBlockCount()) {
	P.printLine("Address is in extraneous FPM space.");
	return;
	}

	P.formatLine("Address describes the allocation status of blocks [{0},{1})",
	DescribedBlockStart, DescribedBlockStart + 8);
	ArrayRef<uint8_t> Bytes;
	cantFail(File.pdb().getMsfBuffer().readBytes(FileOffset, 1, Bytes));
	P.formatLine("Status = {0} (Note: 0 = allocated, 1 = free)",
	toBinaryString(Bytes[0]));
	}

	void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbBlockMapOffset() {
	uint64_t BlockMapOffset = File.pdb().getBlockMapOffset();
	uint32_t OffsetInBlock = FileOffset - BlockMapOffset;
	P.formatLine("Address is at offset {0} of the directory block list",
	OffsetInBlock);
	}

	static uint32_t getOffsetInStream(ArrayRef<support::ulittle32_t> StreamBlocks,
	uint64_t FileOffset, uint32_t BlockSize) {
	uint32_t BlockIndex = FileOffset / BlockSize;
	uint32_t OffsetInBlock = FileOffset - BlockIndex * BlockSize;

	auto Iter = llvm::find(StreamBlocks, BlockIndex);
	assert(Iter != StreamBlocks.end());
	uint32_t StreamBlockIndex = std::distance(StreamBlocks.begin(), Iter);
	return StreamBlockIndex * BlockSize + OffsetInBlock;
	}

	void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbStreamOffset(uint32_t Stream) {
	SmallVector<StreamInfo, 12> Streams;
	discoverStreamPurposes(File.pdb(), Streams);

	assert(Stream <= Streams.size());
	const StreamInfo &S = Streams[Stream];
	const auto &Layout = File.pdb().getStreamLayout(Stream);
	uint32_t StreamOff =
	getOffsetInStream(Layout.Blocks, FileOffset, File.pdb().getBlockSize());
	P.formatLine("Address is at offset {0}/{1} of Stream {2} ({3}){4}.",
	StreamOff, Layout.Length, Stream, S.getLongName(),
	(StreamOff > Layout.Length) ? " in unused space" : "");
	switch (S.getPurpose()) {
	case StreamPurpose::DBI: {
	DbiStream &Dbi = cantFail(File.pdb().getPDBDbiStream());
	explainStreamOffset(Dbi, StreamOff);
	break;
	}
	case StreamPurpose::PDB: {
	InfoStream &Info = cantFail(File.pdb().getPDBInfoStream());
	explainStreamOffset(Info, StreamOff);
	break;
	}
	case StreamPurpose::IPI:
	case StreamPurpose::TPI:
	case StreamPurpose::ModuleStream:
	case StreamPurpose::NamedStream:
	default:
	break;
	}
	}

	void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbStreamDirectoryOffset() {
	auto DirectoryBlocks = File.pdb().getDirectoryBlockArray();
	const auto &Layout = File.pdb().getMsfLayout();
	uint32_t StreamOff =
	getOffsetInStream(DirectoryBlocks, FileOffset, File.pdb().getBlockSize());
	P.formatLine("Address is at offset {0}/{1} of Stream Directory{2}.",
	StreamOff, uint32_t(Layout.SB->NumDirectoryBytes),
	uint32_t(StreamOff > Layout.SB->NumDirectoryBytes)
	? " in unused space"
	: "");
	}

	void ExplainOutputStyle::explainPdbUnknownBlock() {
	P.formatLine("Address has unknown purpose.");
	}

	template <typename T>
	static void printStructField(LinePrinter &P, StringRef Label, T Value) {
	P.formatLine("which contains {0}.", Label);
	P.formatLine("The current value is {0}.", Value);
	}

	static void explainDbiHeaderOffset(LinePrinter &P, DbiStream &Dbi,
	uint32_t Offset) {
	const DbiStreamHeader *Header = Dbi.getHeader();
	assert(Header != nullptr);

	if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, VersionSignature))
	printStructField(P, "the DBI Stream Version Signature",
	int32_t(Header->VersionSignature));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, VersionHeader))
	printStructField(P, "the DBI Stream Version Header",
	uint32_t(Header->VersionHeader));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, Age))
	printStructField(P, "the age of the DBI Stream", uint32_t(Header->Age));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, GlobalSymbolStreamIndex))
	printStructField(P, "the index of the Global Symbol Stream",
	uint16_t(Header->GlobalSymbolStreamIndex));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, BuildNumber))
	printStructField(P, "the build number", uint16_t(Header->BuildNumber));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, PublicSymbolStreamIndex))
	printStructField(P, "the index of the Public Symbol Stream",
	uint16_t(Header->PublicSymbolStreamIndex));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, PdbDllVersion))
	printStructField(P, "the version of mspdb.dll",
	uint16_t(Header->PdbDllVersion));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, SymRecordStreamIndex))
	printStructField(P, "the index of the Symbol Record Stream",
	uint16_t(Header->SymRecordStreamIndex));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, PdbDllRbld))
	printStructField(P, "the rbld of mspdb.dll", uint16_t(Header->PdbDllRbld));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, ModiSubstreamSize))
	printStructField(P, "the size of the Module Info Substream",
	int32_t(Header->ModiSubstreamSize));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, SecContrSubstreamSize))
	printStructField(P, "the size of the Section Contribution Substream",
	int32_t(Header->SecContrSubstreamSize));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, SectionMapSize))
	printStructField(P, "the size of the Section Map Substream",
	int32_t(Header->SectionMapSize));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, FileInfoSize))
	printStructField(P, "the size of the File Info Substream",
	int32_t(Header->FileInfoSize));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, TypeServerSize))
	printStructField(P, "the size of the Type Server Map",
	int32_t(Header->TypeServerSize));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, MFCTypeServerIndex))
	printStructField(P, "the index of the MFC Type Server stream",
	uint32_t(Header->MFCTypeServerIndex));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, OptionalDbgHdrSize))
	printStructField(P, "the size of the Optional Debug Stream array",
	int32_t(Header->OptionalDbgHdrSize));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, ECSubstreamSize))
	printStructField(P, "the size of the Edit & Continue Substream",
	int32_t(Header->ECSubstreamSize));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, Flags))
	printStructField(P, "the DBI Stream flags", uint16_t(Header->Flags));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, MachineType))
	printStructField(P, "the machine type", uint16_t(Header->MachineType));
	else if (Offset < endof(DbiStreamHeader, Reserved))
	printStructField(P, "reserved data", uint32_t(Header->Reserved));
	}

	static void explainDbiModiSubstreamOffset(LinePrinter &P, DbiStream &Dbi,
	uint32_t Offset) {
	VarStreamArray<DbiModuleDescriptor> ModuleDescriptors;
	BinaryStreamRef ModiSubstreamData = Dbi.getModiSubstreamData().StreamData;
	BinaryStreamReader Reader(ModiSubstreamData);

	cantFail(Reader.readArray(ModuleDescriptors, ModiSubstreamData.getLength()));
	auto Prev = ModuleDescriptors.begin();
	assert(Prev.offset() == 0);
	auto Current = Prev;
	uint32_t Index = 0;
	while (true) {
	Prev = Current;
	++Current;
	if (Current == ModuleDescriptors.end() \|\| Offset < Current.offset())
	break;
	++Index;
	}

	DbiModuleDescriptor &Descriptor = *Prev;
	P.formatLine("which contains the descriptor for module {0} ({1}).", Index,
	Descriptor.getModuleName());
	}

	template <typename T>
	static void dontExplain(LinePrinter &Printer, T &Stream, uint32_t Offset) {}

	template <typename T, typename SubstreamRangeT>
	static void explainSubstreamOffset(LinePrinter &P, uint32_t OffsetInStream,
	T &Stream,
	const SubstreamRangeT &Substreams) {
	uint32_t SubOffset = OffsetInStream;
	for (const auto &Entry : Substreams) {
	if (Entry.Size <= 0)
	continue;
	uint32_t S = static_cast<uint32_t>(Entry.Size);
	if (SubOffset < S) {
	P.formatLine("address is at offset {0}/{1} of the {2}.", SubOffset, S,
	Entry.Label);
	Entry.Explain(P, Stream, SubOffset);
	return;
	}
	SubOffset -= S;
	}
	}

	void ExplainOutputStyle::explainStreamOffset(DbiStream &Dbi,
	uint32_t OffsetInStream) {
	P.printLine("Within the DBI stream:");
	AutoIndent Indent(P);
	const DbiStreamHeader *Header = Dbi.getHeader();
	assert(Header != nullptr);

	struct SubstreamInfo {
	int32_t Size;
	StringRef Label;
	void (*Explain)(LinePrinter &, DbiStream &, uint32_t);
	} Substreams[] = {
	{sizeof(DbiStreamHeader), "DBI Stream Header", explainDbiHeaderOffset},
	{int32_t(Header->ModiSubstreamSize), "Module Info Substream",
	explainDbiModiSubstreamOffset},
	{int32_t(Header->SecContrSubstreamSize), "Section Contribution Substream",
	dontExplain<DbiStream>},
	{int32_t(Header->SectionMapSize), "Section Map", dontExplain<DbiStream>},
	{int32_t(Header->FileInfoSize), "File Info Substream",
	dontExplain<DbiStream>},
	{int32_t(Header->TypeServerSize), "Type Server Map Substream",
	dontExplain<DbiStream>},
	{int32_t(Header->ECSubstreamSize), "Edit & Continue Substream",
	dontExplain<DbiStream>},
	{int32_t(Header->OptionalDbgHdrSize), "Optional Debug Stream Array",
	dontExplain<DbiStream>},
	};

	explainSubstreamOffset(P, OffsetInStream, Dbi, Substreams);
	}

	static void explainPdbStreamHeaderOffset(LinePrinter &P, InfoStream &Info,
	uint32_t Offset) {
	const InfoStreamHeader *Header = Info.getHeader();
	assert(Header != nullptr);

	if (Offset < endof(InfoStreamHeader, Version))
	printStructField(P, "the PDB Stream Version Signature",
	uint32_t(Header->Version));
	else if (Offset < endof(InfoStreamHeader, Signature))
	printStructField(P, "the signature of the PDB Stream",
	uint32_t(Header->Signature));
	else if (Offset < endof(InfoStreamHeader, Age))
	printStructField(P, "the age of the PDB", uint32_t(Header->Age));
	else if (Offset < endof(InfoStreamHeader, Guid))
	printStructField(P, "the guid of the PDB", fmt_guid(Header->Guid.Guid));
	}

	void ExplainOutputStyle::explainStreamOffset(InfoStream &Info,
	uint32_t OffsetInStream) {
	P.printLine("Within the PDB stream:");
	AutoIndent Indent(P);

	struct SubstreamInfo {
	uint32_t Size;
	StringRef Label;
	void (*Explain)(LinePrinter &, InfoStream &, uint32_t);
	} Substreams[] = {{sizeof(InfoStreamHeader), "PDB Stream Header",
	explainPdbStreamHeaderOffset},
	{Info.getNamedStreamMapByteSize(), "Named Stream Map",
	dontExplain<InfoStream>},
	{Info.getStreamSize(), "PDB Feature Signatures",
	dontExplain<InfoStream>}};

	explainSubstreamOffset(P, OffsetInStream, Info, Substreams);
	}