//===- CallSite.h - Abstract Call & Invoke instrs ---------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file defines the CallSite class, which is a handy wrapper for code that
// wants to treat Call and Invoke instructions in a generic way. When in non-
// mutation context (e.g. an analysis) ImmutableCallSite should be used.
// Finally, when some degree of customization is necessary between these two
// extremes, CallSiteBase<> can be supplied with fine-tuned parameters.
//
// NOTE: These classes are supposed to have "value semantics". So they should be
// passed by value, not by reference; they should not be "new"ed or "delete"d.
// They are efficiently copyable, assignable and constructable, with cost
// equivalent to copying a pointer (notice that they have only a single data
// member). The internal representation carries a flag which indicates which of
// the two variants is enclosed. This allows for cheaper checks when various
// accessors of CallSite are employed.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#ifndef LLVM_IR_CALLSITE_H
#define LLVM_IR_CALLSITE_H

#include "llvm/ADT/Optional.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/PointerIntPair.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/iterator_range.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Attributes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/CallingConv.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
#include "llvm/IR/InstrTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Use.h"
#include "llvm/IR/User.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Value.h"
#include "llvm/Support/Casting.h"
#include <cassert>
#include <cstdint>
#include <iterator>

namespace llvm {

namespace Intrinsic {
enum ID : unsigned;
}

template <typename FunTy = const Function,
          typename BBTy = const BasicBlock,
          typename ValTy = const Value,
          typename UserTy = const User,
          typename UseTy = const Use,
          typename InstrTy = const Instruction,
          typename CallTy = const CallInst,
          typename InvokeTy = const InvokeInst,
          typename IterTy = User::const_op_iterator>
class CallSiteBase {
protected:
  PointerIntPair<InstrTy*, 1, bool> I;

  CallSiteBase() = default;
  CallSiteBase(CallTy *CI) : I(CI, true) { assert(CI); }
  CallSiteBase(InvokeTy *II) : I(II, false) { assert(II); }
  explicit CallSiteBase(ValTy *II) { *this = get(II); }

private:
  /// This static method is like a constructor. It will create an appropriate
  /// call site for a Call or Invoke instruction, but it can also create a null
  /// initialized CallSiteBase object for something which is NOT a call site.
  static CallSiteBase get(ValTy *V) {
    if (InstrTy *II = dyn_cast<InstrTy>(V)) {
      if (II->getOpcode() == Instruction::Call)
        return CallSiteBase(static_cast<CallTy*>(II));
      else if (II->getOpcode() == Instruction::Invoke)
        return CallSiteBase(static_cast<InvokeTy*>(II));
    }
    return CallSiteBase();
  }

public:
  /// Return true if a CallInst is enclosed. Note that !isCall() does not mean
  /// an InvokeInst is enclosed. It may also signify a NULL instruction pointer.
  bool isCall() const { return I.getInt(); }

  /// Return true if a InvokeInst is enclosed.
  bool isInvoke() const { return getInstruction() && !I.getInt(); }

  InstrTy *getInstruction() const { return I.getPointer(); }
  InstrTy *operator->() const { return I.getPointer(); }
  explicit operator bool() const { return I.getPointer(); }

  /// Get the basic block containing the call site.
  BBTy* getParent() const { return getInstruction()->getParent(); }

  /// Return the pointer to function that is being called.
  ValTy *getCalledValue() const {
    assert(getInstruction() && "Not a call or invoke instruction!");
    return *getCallee();
  }

  /// Return the function being called if this is a direct call, otherwise
  /// return null (if it's an indirect call).
  FunTy *getCalledFunction() const {
    return dyn_cast<FunTy>(getCalledValue());
  }

  /// Return true if the callsite is an indirect call.
  bool isIndirectCall() const {
    const Value *V = getCalledValue();
    if (!V)
      return false;
    if (isa<FunTy>(V) || isa<Constant>(V))
      return false;
    if (const CallInst *CI = dyn_cast<CallInst>(getInstruction())) {
      if (CI->isInlineAsm())
        return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  /// Set the callee to the specified value.
  void setCalledFunction(Value *V) {
    assert(getInstruction() && "Not a call or invoke instruction!");
    *getCallee() = V;
  }

  /// Return the intrinsic ID of the intrinsic called by this CallSite,
  /// or Intrinsic::not_intrinsic if the called function is not an
  /// intrinsic, or if this CallSite is an indirect call.
  Intrinsic::ID getIntrinsicID() const {
    if (auto *F = getCalledFunction())
      return F->getIntrinsicID();
    // Don't use Intrinsic::not_intrinsic, as it will require pulling
    // Intrinsics.h into every header that uses CallSite.
    return static_cast<Intrinsic::ID>(0);
  }

  /// Determine whether the passed iterator points to the callee operand's Use.
  bool isCallee(Value::const_user_iterator UI) const {
    return isCallee(&UI.getUse());
  }

  /// Determine whether this Use is the callee operand's Use.
  bool isCallee(const Use *U) const { return getCallee() == U; }

  /// Determine whether the passed iterator points to an argument operand.
  bool isArgOperand(Value::const_user_iterator UI) const {
    return isArgOperand(&UI.getUse());
  }

  /// Determine whether the passed use points to an argument operand.
  bool isArgOperand(const Use *U) const {
    assert(getInstruction() == U->getUser());
    return arg_begin() <= U && U < arg_end();
  }

  /// Determine whether the passed iterator points to a bundle operand.
  bool isBundleOperand(Value::const_user_iterator UI) const {
    return isBundleOperand(&UI.getUse());
  }

  /// Determine whether the passed use points to a bundle operand.
  bool isBundleOperand(const Use *U) const {
    assert(getInstruction() == U->getUser());
    if (!hasOperandBundles())
      return false;
    unsigned OperandNo = U - (*this)->op_begin();
    return getBundleOperandsStartIndex() <= OperandNo &&
           OperandNo < getBundleOperandsEndIndex();
  }

  /// Determine whether the passed iterator points to a data operand.
  bool isDataOperand(Value::const_user_iterator UI) const {
    return isDataOperand(&UI.getUse());
  }

  /// Determine whether the passed use points to a data operand.
  bool isDataOperand(const Use *U) const {
    return data_operands_begin() <= U && U < data_operands_end();
  }

  ValTy *getArgument(unsigned ArgNo) const {
    assert(arg_begin() + ArgNo < arg_end() && "Argument # out of range!");
    return *(arg_begin() + ArgNo);
  }

  void setArgument(unsigned ArgNo, Value* newVal) {
    assert(getInstruction() && "Not a call or invoke instruction!");
    assert(arg_begin() + ArgNo < arg_end() && "Argument # out of range!");
    getInstruction()->setOperand(ArgNo, newVal);
  }

  /// Given a value use iterator, returns the argument that corresponds to it.
  /// Iterator must actually correspond to an argument.
  unsigned getArgumentNo(Value::const_user_iterator I) const {
    return getArgumentNo(&I.getUse());
  }

  /// Given a use for an argument, get the argument number that corresponds to
  /// it.
  unsigned getArgumentNo(const Use *U) const {
    assert(getInstruction() && "Not a call or invoke instruction!");
    assert(isArgOperand(U) && "Argument # out of range!");
    return U - arg_begin();
  }

  /// The type of iterator to use when looping over actual arguments at this
  /// call site.
  using arg_iterator = IterTy;

  iterator_range<IterTy> args() const {
    return make_range(arg_begin(), arg_end());
  }
  bool arg_empty() const { return arg_end() == arg_begin(); }
  unsigned arg_size() const { return unsigned(arg_end() - arg_begin()); }

  /// Given a value use iterator, return the data operand corresponding to it.
  /// Iterator must actually correspond to a data operand.
  unsigned getDataOperandNo(Value::const_user_iterator UI) const {
    return getDataOperandNo(&UI.getUse());
  }

  /// Given a use for a data operand, get the data operand number that
  /// corresponds to it.
  unsigned getDataOperandNo(const Use *U) const {
    assert(getInstruction() && "Not a call or invoke instruction!");
    assert(isDataOperand(U) && "Data operand # out of range!");
    return U - data_operands_begin();
  }

  /// Type of iterator to use when looping over data operands at this call site
  /// (see below).
  using data_operand_iterator = IterTy;

  /// data_operands_begin/data_operands_end - Return iterators iterating over
  /// the call / invoke argument list and bundle operands.  For invokes, this is
  /// the set of instruction operands except the invoke target and the two
  /// successor blocks; and for calls this is the set of instruction operands
  /// except the call target.

  IterTy data_operands_begin() const {
    assert(getInstruction() && "Not a call or invoke instruction!");
    return (*this)->op_begin();
  }
  IterTy data_operands_end() const {
    assert(getInstruction() && "Not a call or invoke instruction!");
    return (*this)->op_end() - (isCall() ? 1 : 3);
  }
  iterator_range<IterTy> data_ops() const {
    return make_range(data_operands_begin(), data_operands_end());
  }
  bool data_operands_empty() const {
    return data_operands_end() == data_operands_begin();
  }
  unsigned data_operands_size() const {
    return std::distance(data_operands_begin(), data_operands_end());
  }

  /// Return the type of the instruction that generated this call site.
  Type *getType() const { return (*this)->getType(); }

  /// Return the caller function for this call site.
  FunTy *getCaller() const { return (*this)->getParent()->getParent(); }

  /// Tests if this call site must be tail call optimized. Only a CallInst can
  /// be tail call optimized.
  bool isMustTailCall() const {
    return isCall() && cast<CallInst>(getInstruction())->isMustTailCall();
  }

  /// Tests if this call site is marked as a tail call.
  bool isTailCall() const {
    return isCall() && cast<CallInst>(getInstruction())->isTailCall();
  }

#define CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(METHOD) \
  InstrTy *II = getInstruction();    \
  return isCall()                        \
    ? cast<CallInst>(II)->METHOD         \
    : cast<InvokeInst>(II)->METHOD

#define CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(METHOD) \
  InstrTy *II = getInstruction();    \
  if (isCall())                          \
    cast<CallInst>(II)->METHOD;          \
  else                                   \
    cast<InvokeInst>(II)->METHOD

  unsigned getNumArgOperands() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getNumArgOperands());
  }

  ValTy *getArgOperand(unsigned i) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getArgOperand(i));
  }

  ValTy *getReturnedArgOperand() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getReturnedArgOperand());
  }

  bool isInlineAsm() const {
    if (isCall())
      return cast<CallInst>(getInstruction())->isInlineAsm();
    return false;
  }

  /// Get the calling convention of the call.
  CallingConv::ID getCallingConv() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getCallingConv());
  }
  /// Set the calling convention of the call.
  void setCallingConv(CallingConv::ID CC) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setCallingConv(CC));
  }

  FunctionType *getFunctionType() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getFunctionType());
  }

  void mutateFunctionType(FunctionType *Ty) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(mutateFunctionType(Ty));
  }

  /// Get the parameter attributes of the call.
  AttributeList getAttributes() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getAttributes());
  }
  /// Set the parameter attributes of the call.
  void setAttributes(AttributeList PAL) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setAttributes(PAL));
  }

  void addAttribute(unsigned i, Attribute::AttrKind Kind) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(addAttribute(i, Kind));
  }

  void addAttribute(unsigned i, Attribute Attr) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(addAttribute(i, Attr));
  }

  void addParamAttr(unsigned ArgNo, Attribute::AttrKind Kind) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(addParamAttr(ArgNo, Kind));
  }

  void removeAttribute(unsigned i, Attribute::AttrKind Kind) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(removeAttribute(i, Kind));
  }

  void removeAttribute(unsigned i, StringRef Kind) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(removeAttribute(i, Kind));
  }

  void removeParamAttr(unsigned ArgNo, Attribute::AttrKind Kind) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(removeParamAttr(ArgNo, Kind));
  }

  /// Return true if this function has the given attribute.
  bool hasFnAttr(Attribute::AttrKind Kind) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(hasFnAttr(Kind));
  }

  /// Return true if this function has the given attribute.
  bool hasFnAttr(StringRef Kind) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(hasFnAttr(Kind));
  }

  /// Return true if this return value has the given attribute.
  bool hasRetAttr(Attribute::AttrKind Kind) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(hasRetAttr(Kind));
  }

  /// Return true if the call or the callee has the given attribute.
  bool paramHasAttr(unsigned ArgNo, Attribute::AttrKind Kind) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(paramHasAttr(ArgNo, Kind));
  }

  Attribute getAttribute(unsigned i, Attribute::AttrKind Kind) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getAttribute(i, Kind));
  }

  Attribute getAttribute(unsigned i, StringRef Kind) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getAttribute(i, Kind));
  }

  /// Return true if the data operand at index \p i directly or indirectly has
  /// the attribute \p A.
  ///
  /// Normal call or invoke arguments have per operand attributes, as specified
  /// in the attribute set attached to this instruction, while operand bundle
  /// operands may have some attributes implied by the type of its containing
  /// operand bundle.
  bool dataOperandHasImpliedAttr(unsigned i, Attribute::AttrKind Kind) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(dataOperandHasImpliedAttr(i, Kind));
  }

  /// Extract the alignment of the return value.
  unsigned getRetAlignment() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getRetAlignment());
  }

  /// Extract the alignment for a call or parameter (0=unknown).
  unsigned getParamAlignment(unsigned ArgNo) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getParamAlignment(ArgNo));
  }

  /// Extract the number of dereferenceable bytes for a call or parameter
  /// (0=unknown).
  uint64_t getDereferenceableBytes(unsigned i) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getDereferenceableBytes(i));
  }

  /// Extract the number of dereferenceable_or_null bytes for a call or
  /// parameter (0=unknown).
  uint64_t getDereferenceableOrNullBytes(unsigned i) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getDereferenceableOrNullBytes(i));
  }

  /// Determine if the return value is marked with NoAlias attribute.
  bool returnDoesNotAlias() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(returnDoesNotAlias());
  }

  /// Return true if the call should not be treated as a call to a builtin.
  bool isNoBuiltin() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(isNoBuiltin());
  }

  /// Return true if the call requires strict floating point semantics.
  bool isStrictFP() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(isStrictFP());
  }

  /// Return true if the call should not be inlined.
  bool isNoInline() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(isNoInline());
  }
  void setIsNoInline(bool Value = true) {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setIsNoInline(Value));
  }

  /// Determine if the call does not access memory.
  bool doesNotAccessMemory() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(doesNotAccessMemory());
  }
  void setDoesNotAccessMemory() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setDoesNotAccessMemory());
  }

  /// Determine if the call does not access or only reads memory.
  bool onlyReadsMemory() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(onlyReadsMemory());
  }
  void setOnlyReadsMemory() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setOnlyReadsMemory());
  }

  /// Determine if the call does not access or only writes memory.
  bool doesNotReadMemory() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(doesNotReadMemory());
  }
  void setDoesNotReadMemory() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setDoesNotReadMemory());
  }

  /// Determine if the call can access memmory only using pointers based
  /// on its arguments.
  bool onlyAccessesArgMemory() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(onlyAccessesArgMemory());
  }
  void setOnlyAccessesArgMemory() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setOnlyAccessesArgMemory());
  }

  /// Determine if the function may only access memory that is
  /// inaccessible from the IR.
  bool onlyAccessesInaccessibleMemory() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(onlyAccessesInaccessibleMemory());
  }
  void setOnlyAccessesInaccessibleMemory() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setOnlyAccessesInaccessibleMemory());
  }

  /// Determine if the function may only access memory that is
  /// either inaccessible from the IR or pointed to by its arguments.
  bool onlyAccessesInaccessibleMemOrArgMem() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(onlyAccessesInaccessibleMemOrArgMem());
  }
  void setOnlyAccessesInaccessibleMemOrArgMem() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setOnlyAccessesInaccessibleMemOrArgMem());
  }

  /// Determine if the call cannot return.
  bool doesNotReturn() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(doesNotReturn());
  }
  void setDoesNotReturn() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setDoesNotReturn());
  }

  /// Determine if the call cannot unwind.
  bool doesNotThrow() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(doesNotThrow());
  }
  void setDoesNotThrow() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setDoesNotThrow());
  }

  /// Determine if the call can be duplicated.
  bool cannotDuplicate() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(cannotDuplicate());
  }
  void setCannotDuplicate() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setCannotDuplicate());
  }

  /// Determine if the call is convergent.
  bool isConvergent() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(isConvergent());
  }
  void setConvergent() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setConvergent());
  }
  void setNotConvergent() {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER(setNotConvergent());
  }

  unsigned getNumOperandBundles() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getNumOperandBundles());
  }

  bool hasOperandBundles() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(hasOperandBundles());
  }

  unsigned getBundleOperandsStartIndex() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getBundleOperandsStartIndex());
  }

  unsigned getBundleOperandsEndIndex() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getBundleOperandsEndIndex());
  }

  unsigned getNumTotalBundleOperands() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getNumTotalBundleOperands());
  }

  OperandBundleUse getOperandBundleAt(unsigned Index) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getOperandBundleAt(Index));
  }

  Optional<OperandBundleUse> getOperandBundle(StringRef Name) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getOperandBundle(Name));
  }

  Optional<OperandBundleUse> getOperandBundle(uint32_t ID) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(getOperandBundle(ID));
  }

  unsigned countOperandBundlesOfType(uint32_t ID) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(countOperandBundlesOfType(ID));
  }

  bool isBundleOperand(unsigned Idx) const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(isBundleOperand(Idx));
  }

  IterTy arg_begin() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(arg_begin());
  }

  IterTy arg_end() const {
    CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER(arg_end());
  }

#undef CALLSITE_DELEGATE_GETTER
#undef CALLSITE_DELEGATE_SETTER

  void getOperandBundlesAsDefs(SmallVectorImpl<OperandBundleDef> &Defs) const {
    const Instruction *II = getInstruction();
    // Since this is actually a getter that "looks like" a setter, don't use the
    // above macros to avoid confusion.
    if (isCall())
      cast<CallInst>(II)->getOperandBundlesAsDefs(Defs);
    else
      cast<InvokeInst>(II)->getOperandBundlesAsDefs(Defs);
  }

  /// Determine whether this data operand is not captured.
  bool doesNotCapture(unsigned OpNo) const {
    return dataOperandHasImpliedAttr(OpNo + 1, Attribute::NoCapture);
  }

  /// Determine whether this argument is passed by value.
  bool isByValArgument(unsigned ArgNo) const {
    return paramHasAttr(ArgNo, Attribute::ByVal);
  }

  /// Determine whether this argument is passed in an alloca.
  bool isInAllocaArgument(unsigned ArgNo) const {
    return paramHasAttr(ArgNo, Attribute::InAlloca);
  }

  /// Determine whether this argument is passed by value or in an alloca.
  bool isByValOrInAllocaArgument(unsigned ArgNo) const {
    return paramHasAttr(ArgNo, Attribute::ByVal) ||
           paramHasAttr(ArgNo, Attribute::InAlloca);
  }

  /// Determine if there are is an inalloca argument. Only the last argument can
  /// have the inalloca attribute.
  bool hasInAllocaArgument() const {
    return !arg_empty() && paramHasAttr(arg_size() - 1, Attribute::InAlloca);
  }

  bool doesNotAccessMemory(unsigned OpNo) const {
    return dataOperandHasImpliedAttr(OpNo + 1, Attribute::ReadNone);
  }

  bool onlyReadsMemory(unsigned OpNo) const {
    return dataOperandHasImpliedAttr(OpNo + 1, Attribute::ReadOnly) ||
           dataOperandHasImpliedAttr(OpNo + 1, Attribute::ReadNone);
  }

  bool doesNotReadMemory(unsigned OpNo) const {
    return dataOperandHasImpliedAttr(OpNo + 1, Attribute::WriteOnly) ||
           dataOperandHasImpliedAttr(OpNo + 1, Attribute::ReadNone);
  }

  /// Return true if the return value is known to be not null.
  /// This may be because it has the nonnull attribute, or because at least
  /// one byte is dereferenceable and the pointer is in addrspace(0).
  bool isReturnNonNull() const {
    if (hasRetAttr(Attribute::NonNull))
      return true;
    else if (getDereferenceableBytes(AttributeList::ReturnIndex) > 0 &&
             !NullPointerIsDefined(getCaller(),
                                   getType()->getPointerAddressSpace()))
      return true;

    return false;
  }

  /// Returns true if this CallSite passes the given Value* as an argument to
  /// the called function.
  bool hasArgument(const Value *Arg) const {
    for (arg_iterator AI = this->arg_begin(), E = this->arg_end(); AI != E;
         ++AI)
      if (AI->get() == Arg)
        return true;
    return false;
  }

private:
  IterTy getCallee() const {
    return cast<CallBase>(getInstruction())->op_end() - 1;
  }
};

class CallSite : public CallSiteBase<Function, BasicBlock, Value, User, Use,
                                     Instruction, CallInst, InvokeInst,
                                     User::op_iterator> {
public:
  CallSite() = default;
  CallSite(CallSiteBase B) : CallSiteBase(B) {}
  CallSite(CallInst *CI) : CallSiteBase(CI) {}
  CallSite(InvokeInst *II) : CallSiteBase(II) {}
  explicit CallSite(Instruction *II) : CallSiteBase(II) {}
  explicit CallSite(Value *V) : CallSiteBase(V) {}

  bool operator==(const CallSite &CS) const { return I == CS.I; }
  bool operator!=(const CallSite &CS) const { return I != CS.I; }
  bool operator<(const CallSite &CS) const {
    return getInstruction() < CS.getInstruction();
  }

private:
  friend struct DenseMapInfo<CallSite>;

  User::op_iterator getCallee() const;
};

/// AbstractCallSite
///
/// An abstract call site is a wrapper that allows to treat direct,
/// indirect, and callback calls the same. If an abstract call site
/// represents a direct or indirect call site it behaves like a stripped
/// down version of a normal call site object. The abstract call site can
/// also represent a callback call, thus the fact that the initially
/// called function (=broker) may invoke a third one (=callback callee).
/// In this case, the abstract call site hides the middle man, hence the
/// broker function. The result is a representation of the callback call,
/// inside the broker, but in the context of the original call to the broker.
///
/// There are up to three functions involved when we talk about callback call
/// sites. The caller (1), which invokes the broker function. The broker
/// function (2), that will invoke the callee zero or more times. And finally
/// the callee (3), which is the target of the callback call.
///
/// The abstract call site will handle the mapping from parameters to arguments
/// depending on the semantic of the broker function. However, it is important
/// to note that the mapping is often partial. Thus, some arguments of the
/// call/invoke instruction are mapped to parameters of the callee while others
/// are not.
class AbstractCallSite {
public:

  /// The encoding of a callback with regards to the underlying instruction.
  struct CallbackInfo {

    /// For direct/indirect calls the parameter encoding is empty. If it is not,
    /// the abstract call site represents a callback. In that case, the first
    /// element of the encoding vector represents which argument of the call
    /// site CS is the callback callee. The remaining elements map parameters
    /// (identified by their position) to the arguments that will be passed
    /// through (also identified by position but in the call site instruction).
    ///
    /// NOTE that we use LLVM argument numbers (starting at 0) and not
    /// clang/soruce argument numbers (starting at 1). The -1 entries represent
    /// unknown values that are passed to the callee.
    using ParameterEncodingTy = SmallVector<int, 0>;
    ParameterEncodingTy ParameterEncoding;

  };

private:

  /// The underlying call site:
  ///   caller -> callee,             if this is a direct or indirect call site
  ///   caller -> broker function,    if this is a callback call site
  CallSite CS;

  /// The encoding of a callback with regards to the underlying instruction.
  CallbackInfo CI;

public:
  /// Sole constructor for abstract call sites (ACS).
  ///
  /// An abstract call site can only be constructed through a llvm::Use because
  /// each operand (=use) of an instruction could potentially be a different
  /// abstract call site. Furthermore, even if the value of the llvm::Use is the
  /// same, and the user is as well, the abstract call sites might not be.
  ///
  /// If a use is not associated with an abstract call site the constructed ACS
  /// will evaluate to false if converted to a boolean.
  ///
  /// If the use is the callee use of a call or invoke instruction, the
  /// constructed abstract call site will behave as a llvm::CallSite would.
  ///
  /// If the use is not a callee use of a call or invoke instruction, the
  /// callback metadata is used to determine the argument <-> parameter mapping
  /// as well as the callee of the abstract call site.
  AbstractCallSite(const Use *U);

  /// Conversion operator to conveniently check for a valid/initialized ACS.
  explicit operator bool() const { return (bool)CS; }

  /// Return the underlying instruction.
  Instruction *getInstruction() const { return CS.getInstruction(); }

  /// Return the call site abstraction for the underlying instruction.
  CallSite getCallSite() const { return CS; }

  /// Return true if this ACS represents a direct call.
  bool isDirectCall() const {
    return !isCallbackCall() && !CS.isIndirectCall();
  }

  /// Return true if this ACS represents an indirect call.
  bool isIndirectCall() const {
    return !isCallbackCall() && CS.isIndirectCall();
  }

  /// Return true if this ACS represents a callback call.
  bool isCallbackCall() const {
    // For a callback call site the callee is ALWAYS stored first in the
    // transitive values vector. Thus, a non-empty vector indicates a callback.
    return !CI.ParameterEncoding.empty();
  }

  /// Return true if @p UI is the use that defines the callee of this ACS.
  bool isCallee(Value::const_user_iterator UI) const {
    return isCallee(&UI.getUse());
  }

  /// Return true if @p U is the use that defines the callee of this ACS.
  bool isCallee(const Use *U) const {
    if (isDirectCall())
      return CS.isCallee(U);

    assert(!CI.ParameterEncoding.empty() &&
           "Callback without parameter encoding!");

    return (int)CS.getArgumentNo(U) == CI.ParameterEncoding[0];
  }

  /// Return the number of parameters of the callee.
  unsigned getNumArgOperands() const {
    if (isDirectCall())
      return CS.getNumArgOperands();
    // Subtract 1 for the callee encoding.
    return CI.ParameterEncoding.size() - 1;
  }

  /// Return the operand index of the underlying instruction associated with @p
  /// Arg.
  int getCallArgOperandNo(Argument &Arg) const {
    return getCallArgOperandNo(Arg.getArgNo());
  }

  /// Return the operand index of the underlying instruction associated with
  /// the function parameter number @p ArgNo or -1 if there is none.
  int getCallArgOperandNo(unsigned ArgNo) const {
    if (isDirectCall())
      return ArgNo;
    // Add 1 for the callee encoding.
    return CI.ParameterEncoding[ArgNo + 1];
  }

  /// Return the operand of the underlying instruction associated with @p Arg.
  Value *getCallArgOperand(Argument &Arg) const {
    return getCallArgOperand(Arg.getArgNo());
  }

  /// Return the operand of the underlying instruction associated with the
  /// function parameter number @p ArgNo or nullptr if there is none.
  Value *getCallArgOperand(unsigned ArgNo) const {
    if (isDirectCall())
      return CS.getArgOperand(ArgNo);
    // Add 1 for the callee encoding.
    return CI.ParameterEncoding[ArgNo + 1] >= 0
               ? CS.getArgOperand(CI.ParameterEncoding[ArgNo + 1])
               : nullptr;
  }

  /// Return the operand index of the underlying instruction associated with the
  /// callee of this ACS. Only valid for callback calls!
  int getCallArgOperandNoForCallee() const {
    assert(isCallbackCall());
    assert(CI.ParameterEncoding.size() && CI.ParameterEncoding[0] > 0);
    return CI.ParameterEncoding[0];
  }

  /// Return the pointer to function that is being called.
  Value *getCalledValue() const {
    if (isDirectCall())
      return CS.getCalledValue();
    return CS.getArgOperand(getCallArgOperandNoForCallee());
  }

  /// Return the function being called if this is a direct call, otherwise
  /// return null (if it's an indirect call).
  Function *getCalledFunction() const {
    Value *V = getCalledValue();
    return V ? dyn_cast<Function>(V->stripPointerCasts()) : nullptr;
  }
};

template <> struct DenseMapInfo<CallSite> {
  using BaseInfo = DenseMapInfo<decltype(CallSite::I)>;

  static CallSite getEmptyKey() {
    CallSite CS;
    CS.I = BaseInfo::getEmptyKey();
    return CS;
  }

  static CallSite getTombstoneKey() {
    CallSite CS;
    CS.I = BaseInfo::getTombstoneKey();
    return CS;
  }

  static unsigned getHashValue(const CallSite &CS) {
    return BaseInfo::getHashValue(CS.I);
  }

  static bool isEqual(const CallSite &LHS, const CallSite &RHS) {
    return LHS == RHS;
  }
};

/// Establish a view to a call site for examination.
class ImmutableCallSite : public CallSiteBase<> {
public:
  ImmutableCallSite() = default;
  ImmutableCallSite(const CallInst *CI) : CallSiteBase(CI) {}
  ImmutableCallSite(const InvokeInst *II) : CallSiteBase(II) {}
  explicit ImmutableCallSite(const Instruction *II) : CallSiteBase(II) {}
  explicit ImmutableCallSite(const Value *V) : CallSiteBase(V) {}
  ImmutableCallSite(CallSite CS) : CallSiteBase(CS.getInstruction()) {}
};

} // end namespace llvm

#endif // LLVM_IR_CALLSITE_H