==================================
Contributing to LLVM
==================================


Thank you for your interest in contributing to LLVM! There are multiple ways to
contribute, and we appreciate all contributions. In case you have questions,
you can either use the `Forum`_ or, for a more interactive chat, go to our
`Discord server`_ or the IRC #llvm channel on `irc.oftc.net`_.

If you want to contribute code, please familiarize yourself with the :doc:`DeveloperPolicy`.

.. contents::
  :local:


Ways to Contribute
==================

Bug Reports
-----------
If you are working with LLVM and run into a bug, we definitely want to know
about it. Please let us know and follow the instructions in
:doc:`HowToSubmitABug`  to create a bug report.

Bug Fixes
---------
If you are interested in contributing code to LLVM, bugs labeled with the
`good first issue`_ keyword in the `bug tracker`_ are a good way to get familiar with
the code base. If you are interested in fixing a bug please comment on it to
let people know you are working on it.

Then try to reproduce and fix the bug with upstream LLVM. Start by building
LLVM from source as described in :doc:`GettingStarted` and
use the built binaries to reproduce the failure described in the bug. Use
a debug build (`-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug`) or a build with assertions
(`-DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=On`, enabled for Debug builds).

Reporting a Security Issue
--------------------------

There is a separate process to submit security-related bugs, see :ref:`report-security-issue`.

Bigger Pieces of Work
---------------------
In case you are interested in taking on a bigger piece of work, a list of
interesting projects is maintained at the `LLVM's Open Projects page`_. In case
you are interested in working on any of these projects, please post on the
`Forum`_, so that we know the project is being worked on.

.. _submit_patch:

How to Submit a Patch
=====================
Once you have a patch ready, it is time to submit it. The patch should:

* include a small unit test
* conform to the :doc:`CodingStandards`. You can use the `clang-format-diff.py`_ or `git-clang-format`_ tools to automatically format your patch properly.
* not contain any unrelated changes
* be an isolated change. Independent changes should be submitted as separate patches as this makes reviewing easier.
* have a single commit (unless stacked on another Differential), up-to-date with the upstream ``origin/main`` branch, and don't have merges.

.. _format patches:

Before sending a patch for review, please also try to ensure it is
formatted properly. We use ``clang-format`` for this, which has git integration
through the ``git-clang-format`` script. On some systems, it may already be
installed (or be installable via your package manager). If so, you can simply
run it -- the following command will format only the code changed in the most
recent commit:

.. code-block:: console

  % git clang-format HEAD~1

Note that this modifies the files, but doesn't commit them -- you'll likely want
to run

.. code-block:: console

  % git commit --amend -a

in order to update the last commit with all pending changes.

.. note::
  If you don't already have ``clang-format`` or ``git clang-format`` installed
  on your system, the ``clang-format`` binary will be built alongside clang, and
  the git integration can be run from
  ``clang/tools/clang-format/git-clang-format``.

We don't currently accept GitHub pull requests, and you'll need to send patches
via :ref:`Phabricator#phabricator-reviews <phabricator-reviews>`.
(We used to allow patches on the llvm-commits mailing list, but the mailing lists
have been deprecated.)

To make sure the right people see your patch, please select suitable reviewers
and add them to your patch when requesting a review. Suitable reviewers are the
code owner (see CODE_OWNERS.txt) and other people doing work in the area your
patch touches. If you are using Phabricator, add them to the `Reviewers` field
when creating a review and if you are using `llvm-commits`, add them to the CC of
your email.

A reviewer may request changes or ask questions during the review. If you are
uncertain on how to provide test cases, documentation, etc., feel free to ask
for guidance during the review. Please address the feedback and re-post an
updated version of your patch. This cycle continues until all requests and comments
have been addressed and a reviewer accepts the patch with a `Looks good to me` or `LGTM`.
Once that is done the change can be committed. If you do not have commit
access, please let people know during the review and someone should commit it
on your behalf.

If you have received no comments on your patch for a week, you can request a
review by 'ping'ing a patch by responding to the email thread containing the
patch, or the Phabricator review with "Ping." The common courtesy 'ping' rate
is once a week. Please remember that you are asking for valuable time from other
professional developers.

For more information on LLVM's code-review process, please see :doc:`CodeReview`.

.. _commit_from_git:

For developers to commit changes from Git
-----------------------------------------

Once a patch is reviewed, you should rebase it, re-test locally, and commit the
changes to LLVM's main branch. This is done using `git push` if you have the
required access rights. See `committing a change
<Phabricator.html#committing-a-change>`_ for Phabricator based commits or
`obtaining commit access <DeveloperPolicy.html#obtaining-commit-access>`_
for commit access.

Here is an example workflow using git. This workflow assumes you have an
accepted commit on the branch named `branch-with-change`.

.. code-block:: console

  # Pull changes from the upstream main branch.
  % git checkout main && git pull
  # Rebase your change onto main.
  % git rebase --onto main --root branch-with-change
  # Rerun the appropriate tests if needed.
  % ninja check-$whatever
  # Check that the list of commits about to be pushed is correct.
  % git log origin/main...HEAD --oneline
  # Push to Github.
  % git push origin HEAD:main

LLVM currently has a linear-history policy, which means that merge commits are
not allowed. The `llvm-project` repo on github is configured to reject pushes
that include merges, so the `git rebase` step above is required.

Please ask for help if you're having trouble with your particular git workflow.

.. _git_pre_push_hook:

Git pre-push hook
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

We include an optional pre-push hook that run some sanity checks on the revisions
you are about to push and ask confirmation if you push multiple commits at once.
You can set it up (on Unix systems) by running from the repository root:

.. code-block:: console

  % ln -sf ../../llvm/utils/git/pre-push.py .git/hooks/pre-push

Helpful Information About LLVM
==============================
:doc:`LLVM's documentation <index>` provides a wealth of information about LLVM's internals as
well as various user guides. The pages listed below should provide a good overview
of LLVM's high-level design, as well as its internals:

:doc:`GettingStarted`
   Discusses how to get up and running quickly with the LLVM infrastructure.
   Everything from unpacking and compilation of the distribution to execution
   of some tools.

:doc:`LangRef`
  Defines the LLVM intermediate representation.

:doc:`ProgrammersManual`
  Introduction to the general layout of the LLVM sourcebase, important classes
  and APIs, and some tips & tricks.

`LLVM for Grad Students`__
  This is an introduction to the LLVM infrastructure by Adrian Sampson. While it
  has been written for grad students, it provides  a good, compact overview of
  LLVM's architecture, LLVM's IR and how to write a new pass.

  .. __: http://www.cs.cornell.edu/~asampson/blog/llvm.html

`Intro to LLVM`__
  Book chapter providing a compiler hacker's introduction to LLVM.

  .. __: http://www.aosabook.org/en/llvm.html

.. _Forum: https://discourse.llvm.org
.. _Discord server: https://discord.gg/xS7Z362
.. _irc.oftc.net: irc://irc.oftc.net/llvm
.. _good first issue: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3A%22good+first+issue%22
.. _bug tracker: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues
.. _clang-format-diff.py: https://reviews.llvm.org/source/llvm-github/browse/main/clang/tools/clang-format/clang-format-diff.py
.. _git-clang-format: https://reviews.llvm.org/source/llvm-github/browse/main/clang/tools/clang-format/git-clang-format
.. _LLVM's Phabricator: https://reviews.llvm.org/
.. _LLVM's Open Projects page: https://llvm.org/OpenProjects.html#what