[libc++] TAKE 2: Make system libraries PRIVATE dependencies of libc++

We tried doing that previously (in r373487) and failed (reverted in
r373506) because the benchmarks needed to link against system libraries
and relied on libc++'s dependencies being propagated. Now that this has
been fixed (in r374053), this commit marks the system libraries as
PRIVATE dependencies of libc++.

llvm-svn: 374056
GitOrigin-RevId: c864f73e45ce138040b14d54dd4ad2bdcba396ea