[libc++] Granularize <ostream> (#85537)

This also includes `<__ostream/basic_ostream.h>` in `<sstream>` now,
reducing the include time of `<complex>` from 819ms to 603ms.

GitOrigin-RevId: 17f006207cb233e4988160fe8860cf082bbafe88
diff --git a/include/ostream b/include/ostream
index d4fc1c5..f75110e 100644
--- a/include/ostream
+++ b/include/ostream
@@ -172,1010 +172,19 @@
 
 */
 
-#include <__availability>
 #include <__config>
-#include <__exception/operations.h>
-#include <__fwd/ostream.h>
-#include <__memory/shared_ptr.h>
-#include <__memory/unique_ptr.h>
-#include <__system_error/error_code.h>
-#include <__type_traits/conjunction.h>
-#include <__type_traits/enable_if.h>
-#include <__type_traits/is_base_of.h>
-#include <__type_traits/void_t.h>
-#include <__utility/declval.h>
-#include <bitset>
-#include <cstdio>
-#include <format>
-#include <ios>
-#include <locale>
-#include <new>
-#include <print>
-#include <streambuf>
-#include <string_view>
+#include <__ostream/basic_ostream.h>
+#include <__ostream/print.h>
 #include <version>
 
 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
 #  pragma GCC system_header
 #endif
 
-_LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
-#include <__undef_macros>
-
-_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS basic_ostream : virtual public basic_ios<_CharT, _Traits> {
-public:
-  // types (inherited from basic_ios (27.5.4)):
-  typedef _CharT char_type;
-  typedef _Traits traits_type;
-  typedef typename traits_type::int_type int_type;
-  typedef typename traits_type::pos_type pos_type;
-  typedef typename traits_type::off_type off_type;
-
-  // 27.7.2.2 Constructor/destructor:
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_AFTER_V1 explicit basic_ostream(basic_streambuf<char_type, traits_type>* __sb) {
-    this->init(__sb);
-  }
-  ~basic_ostream() override;
-
-protected:
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream(basic_ostream&& __rhs);
-
-  // 27.7.2.3 Assign/swap
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream& operator=(basic_ostream&& __rhs);
-
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_AFTER_V1 void swap(basic_ostream& __rhs) {
-    basic_ios<char_type, traits_type>::swap(__rhs);
-  }
-
-  basic_ostream(const basic_ostream& __rhs)            = delete;
-  basic_ostream& operator=(const basic_ostream& __rhs) = delete;
-
-public:
-  // 27.7.2.4 Prefix/suffix:
-  class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS sentry;
-
-  // 27.7.2.6 Formatted output:
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_AFTER_V1 basic_ostream& operator<<(basic_ostream& (*__pf)(basic_ostream&)) {
-    return __pf(*this);
-  }
-
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_AFTER_V1 basic_ostream&
-  operator<<(basic_ios<char_type, traits_type>& (*__pf)(basic_ios<char_type, traits_type>&)) {
-    __pf(*this);
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_AFTER_V1 basic_ostream& operator<<(ios_base& (*__pf)(ios_base&)) {
-    __pf(*this);
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(bool __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(short __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned short __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(int __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned int __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(long __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned long __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(long long __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(unsigned long long __n);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(float __f);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(double __f);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(long double __f);
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(const void* __p);
-
-#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
-  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream& operator<<(const volatile void* __p) {
-    return operator<<(const_cast<const void*>(__p));
-  }
-#endif
-
-  basic_ostream& operator<<(basic_streambuf<char_type, traits_type>* __sb);
-
-#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 17
-  // LWG 2221 - nullptr. This is not backported to older standards modes.
-  // See https://reviews.llvm.org/D127033 for more info on the rationale.
-  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream& operator<<(nullptr_t) { return *this << "nullptr"; }
-#endif
-
-  // 27.7.2.7 Unformatted output:
-  basic_ostream& put(char_type __c);
-  basic_ostream& write(const char_type* __s, streamsize __n);
-  basic_ostream& flush();
-
-  // 27.7.2.5 seeks:
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_AFTER_V1 pos_type tellp();
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_AFTER_V1 basic_ostream& seekp(pos_type __pos);
-  inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_AFTER_V1 basic_ostream& seekp(off_type __off, ios_base::seekdir __dir);
-
-protected:
-  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream() {} // extension, intentially does not initialize
-};
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::sentry {
-  bool __ok_;
-  basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os_;
-
-public:
-  explicit sentry(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os);
-  ~sentry();
-  sentry(const sentry&)            = delete;
-  sentry& operator=(const sentry&) = delete;
-
-  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI explicit operator bool() const { return __ok_; }
-};
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::sentry::sentry(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os) : __ok_(false), __os_(__os) {
-  if (__os.good()) {
-    if (__os.tie())
-      __os.tie()->flush();
-    __ok_ = true;
-  }
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::sentry::~sentry() {
-  if (__os_.rdbuf() && __os_.good() && (__os_.flags() & ios_base::unitbuf) && !uncaught_exception()) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-      if (__os_.rdbuf()->pubsync() == -1)
-        __os_.setstate(ios_base::badbit);
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    } catch (...) {
-    }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  }
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::basic_ostream(basic_ostream&& __rhs) {
-  this->move(__rhs);
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator=(basic_ostream&& __rhs) {
-  swap(__rhs);
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::~basic_ostream() {}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(basic_streambuf<char_type, traits_type>* __sb) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      if (__sb) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-        try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-          typedef istreambuf_iterator<_CharT, _Traits> _Ip;
-          typedef ostreambuf_iterator<_CharT, _Traits> _Op;
-          _Ip __i(__sb);
-          _Ip __eof;
-          _Op __o(*this);
-          size_t __c = 0;
-          for (; __i != __eof; ++__i, ++__o, ++__c) {
-            *__o = *__i;
-            if (__o.failed())
-              break;
-          }
-          if (__c == 0)
-            this->setstate(ios_base::failbit);
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-        } catch (...) {
-          this->__set_failbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-        }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-      } else
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(bool __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), __n).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(short __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      ios_base::fmtflags __flags = ios_base::flags() & ios_base::basefield;
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this,
-                  *this,
-                  this->fill(),
-                  __flags == ios_base::oct || __flags == ios_base::hex
-                      ? static_cast<long>(static_cast<unsigned short>(__n))
-                      : static_cast<long>(__n))
-              .failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(unsigned short __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), static_cast<unsigned long>(__n)).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(int __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      ios_base::fmtflags __flags = ios_base::flags() & ios_base::basefield;
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this,
-                  *this,
-                  this->fill(),
-                  __flags == ios_base::oct || __flags == ios_base::hex
-                      ? static_cast<long>(static_cast<unsigned int>(__n))
-                      : static_cast<long>(__n))
-              .failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(unsigned int __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), static_cast<unsigned long>(__n)).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), __n).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(unsigned long __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), __n).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long long __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), __n).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(unsigned long long __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), __n).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(float __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), static_cast<double>(__n)).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(double __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), __n).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(long double __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), __n).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator<<(const void* __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef num_put<char_type, ostreambuf_iterator<char_type, traits_type> > _Fp;
-      const _Fp& __f = std::use_facet<_Fp>(this->getloc());
-      if (__f.put(*this, *this, this->fill(), __n).failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-__put_character_sequence(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const _CharT* __str, size_t __len) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    typename basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::sentry __s(__os);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef ostreambuf_iterator<_CharT, _Traits> _Ip;
-      if (std::__pad_and_output(
-              _Ip(__os),
-              __str,
-              (__os.flags() & ios_base::adjustfield) == ios_base::left ? __str + __len : __str,
-              __str + __len,
-              __os,
-              __os.fill())
-              .failed())
-        __os.setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    __os.__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return __os;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, _CharT __c) {
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, &__c, 1);
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, char __cn) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    typename basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::sentry __s(__os);
-    if (__s) {
-      _CharT __c = __os.widen(__cn);
-      typedef ostreambuf_iterator<_CharT, _Traits> _Ip;
-      if (std::__pad_and_output(
-              _Ip(__os),
-              &__c,
-              (__os.flags() & ios_base::adjustfield) == ios_base::left ? &__c + 1 : &__c,
-              &__c + 1,
-              __os,
-              __os.fill())
-              .failed())
-        __os.setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    __os.__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return __os;
-}
-
-template <class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __os, char __c) {
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, &__c, 1);
-}
-
-template <class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __os, signed char __c) {
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, (char*)&__c, 1);
-}
-
-template <class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __os, unsigned char __c) {
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, (char*)&__c, 1);
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const _CharT* __str) {
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, __str, _Traits::length(__str));
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const char* __strn) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    typename basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::sentry __s(__os);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef ostreambuf_iterator<_CharT, _Traits> _Ip;
-      size_t __len   = char_traits<char>::length(__strn);
-      const int __bs = 100;
-      _CharT __wbb[__bs];
-      _CharT* __wb = __wbb;
-      unique_ptr<_CharT, void (*)(void*)> __h(0, free);
-      if (__len > __bs) {
-        __wb = (_CharT*)malloc(__len * sizeof(_CharT));
-        if (__wb == 0)
-          __throw_bad_alloc();
-        __h.reset(__wb);
-      }
-      for (_CharT* __p = __wb; *__strn != '\0'; ++__strn, ++__p)
-        *__p = __os.widen(*__strn);
-      if (std::__pad_and_output(
-              _Ip(__os),
-              __wb,
-              (__os.flags() & ios_base::adjustfield) == ios_base::left ? __wb + __len : __wb,
-              __wb + __len,
-              __os,
-              __os.fill())
-              .failed())
-        __os.setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    __os.__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return __os;
-}
-
-template <class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __os, const char* __str) {
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, __str, _Traits::length(__str));
-}
-
-template <class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __os, const signed char* __str) {
-  const char* __s = (const char*)__str;
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, __s, _Traits::length(__s));
-}
-
-template <class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& __os, const unsigned char* __str) {
-  const char* __s = (const char*)__str;
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, __s, _Traits::length(__s));
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::put(char_type __c) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __s(*this);
-    if (__s) {
-      typedef ostreambuf_iterator<_CharT, _Traits> _Op;
-      _Op __o(*this);
-      *__o = __c;
-      if (__o.failed())
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::write(const char_type* __s, streamsize __n) {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    sentry __sen(*this);
-    if (__sen && __n) {
-      if (this->rdbuf()->sputn(__s, __n) != __n)
-        this->setstate(ios_base::badbit);
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::flush() {
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    if (this->rdbuf()) {
-      sentry __s(*this);
-      if (__s) {
-        if (this->rdbuf()->pubsync() == -1)
-          this->setstate(ios_base::badbit);
-      }
-    }
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    this->__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-typename basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::pos_type basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::tellp() {
-  if (this->fail())
-    return pos_type(-1);
-  return this->rdbuf()->pubseekoff(0, ios_base::cur, ios_base::out);
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::seekp(pos_type __pos) {
-  sentry __s(*this);
-  if (!this->fail()) {
-    if (this->rdbuf()->pubseekpos(__pos, ios_base::out) == pos_type(-1))
-      this->setstate(ios_base::failbit);
-  }
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>::seekp(off_type __off, ios_base::seekdir __dir) {
-  sentry __s(*this);
-  if (!this->fail()) {
-    if (this->rdbuf()->pubseekoff(__off, __dir, ios_base::out) == pos_type(-1))
-      this->setstate(ios_base::failbit);
-  }
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& endl(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os) {
-  __os.put(__os.widen('\n'));
-  __os.flush();
-  return __os;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& ends(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os) {
-  __os.put(_CharT());
-  return __os;
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& flush(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os) {
-  __os.flush();
-  return __os;
-}
-
-template <class _Stream, class _Tp, class = void>
-struct __is_ostreamable : false_type {};
-
-template <class _Stream, class _Tp>
-struct __is_ostreamable<_Stream, _Tp, decltype(std::declval<_Stream>() << std::declval<_Tp>(), void())> : true_type {};
-
-template <class _Stream,
-          class _Tp,
-          __enable_if_t<_And<is_base_of<ios_base, _Stream>, __is_ostreamable<_Stream&, const _Tp&> >::value, int> = 0>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI _Stream&& operator<<(_Stream&& __os, const _Tp& __x) {
-  __os << __x;
-  return std::move(__os);
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Allocator>
-basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Allocator>& __str) {
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, __str.data(), __str.size());
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, basic_string_view<_CharT, _Traits> __sv) {
-  return std::__put_character_sequence(__os, __sv.data(), __sv.size());
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits>
-inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const error_code& __ec) {
-  return __os << __ec.category().name() << ':' << __ec.value();
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Yp>
-inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, shared_ptr<_Yp> const& __p) {
-  return __os << __p.get();
-}
-
-template <
-    class _CharT,
-    class _Traits,
-    class _Yp,
-    class _Dp,
-    __enable_if_t<is_same<void,
-                          __void_t<decltype((std::declval<basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&>()
-                                             << std::declval<typename unique_ptr<_Yp, _Dp>::pointer>()))> >::value,
-                  int> = 0>
-inline _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, unique_ptr<_Yp, _Dp> const& __p) {
-  return __os << __p.get();
-}
-
-template <class _CharT, class _Traits, size_t _Size>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
-operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const bitset<_Size>& __x) {
-  return __os << __x.template to_string<_CharT, _Traits>(std::use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__os.getloc()).widen('0'),
-                                                         std::use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__os.getloc()).widen('1'));
-}
-
-#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
-
-#  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_WIDE_CHARACTERS
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, wchar_t) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const wchar_t*) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>&, char16_t) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>&, char32_t) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>&, const char16_t*) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>&, const char32_t*) = delete;
-
-#  endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_WIDE_CHARACTERS
-
-#  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_CHAR8_T
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, char8_t) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>&, char8_t) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const char8_t*) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<wchar_t, _Traits>&, const char8_t*) = delete;
-#  endif
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, char16_t) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, char32_t) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const char16_t*) = delete;
-
-template <class _Traits>
-basic_ostream<char, _Traits>& operator<<(basic_ostream<char, _Traits>&, const char32_t*) = delete;
-
-#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
-
-extern template class _LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE_TYPE_VIS basic_ostream<char>;
-#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_WIDE_CHARACTERS
-extern template class _LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE_TYPE_VIS basic_ostream<wchar_t>;
-#endif
-
-#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
-
-template <class = void> // TODO PRINT template or availability markup fires too eagerly (http://llvm.org/PR61563).
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline void
-__vprint_nonunicode(ostream& __os, string_view __fmt, format_args __args, bool __write_nl) {
-  // [ostream.formatted.print]/3
-  // Effects: Behaves as a formatted output function
-  // ([ostream.formatted.reqmts]) of os, except that:
-  // - failure to generate output is reported as specified below, and
-  // - any exception thrown by the call to vformat is propagated without regard
-  //   to the value of os.exceptions() and without turning on ios_base::badbit
-  //   in the error state of os.
-  // After constructing a sentry object, the function initializes an automatic
-  // variable via
-  //   string out = vformat(os.getloc(), fmt, args);
-
-  ostream::sentry __s(__os);
-  if (__s) {
-    string __o = std::vformat(__os.getloc(), __fmt, __args);
-    if (__write_nl)
-      __o += '\n';
-
-    const char* __str = __o.data();
-    size_t __len      = __o.size();
-
-#  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    try {
-#  endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-      typedef ostreambuf_iterator<char> _Ip;
-      if (std::__pad_and_output(
-              _Ip(__os),
-              __str,
-              (__os.flags() & ios_base::adjustfield) == ios_base::left ? __str + __len : __str,
-              __str + __len,
-              __os,
-              __os.fill())
-              .failed())
-        __os.setstate(ios_base::badbit | ios_base::failbit);
-
-#  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    } catch (...) {
-      __os.__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-    }
-#  endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  }
-}
-
-template <class = void> // TODO PRINT template or availability markup fires too eagerly (http://llvm.org/PR61563).
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline void vprint_nonunicode(ostream& __os, string_view __fmt, format_args __args) {
-  std::__vprint_nonunicode(__os, __fmt, __args, false);
-}
-
-// Returns the FILE* associated with the __os.
-// Returns a nullptr when no FILE* is associated with __os.
-// This function is in the dylib since the type of the buffer associated
-// with std::cout, std::cerr, and std::clog is only known in the dylib.
-//
-// This function implements part of the implementation-defined behavior
-// of [ostream.formatted.print]/3
-//   If the function is vprint_unicode and os is a stream that refers to
-//   a terminal capable of displaying Unicode which is determined in an
-//   implementation-defined manner, writes out to the terminal using the
-//   native Unicode API;
-// Whether the returned FILE* is "a terminal capable of displaying Unicode"
-// is determined in the same way as the print(FILE*, ...) overloads.
-_LIBCPP_EXPORTED_FROM_ABI FILE* __get_ostream_file(ostream& __os);
-
-#  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE
-template <class = void> // TODO PRINT template or availability markup fires too eagerly (http://llvm.org/PR61563).
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void __vprint_unicode(ostream& __os, string_view __fmt, format_args __args, bool __write_nl) {
-#    if _LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_HAS_PRINT == 0
-  return std::__vprint_nonunicode(__os, __fmt, __args, __write_nl);
-#    else
-  FILE* __file = std::__get_ostream_file(__os);
-  if (!__file || !__print::__is_terminal(__file))
-    return std::__vprint_nonunicode(__os, __fmt, __args, __write_nl);
-
-  // [ostream.formatted.print]/3
-  //    If the function is vprint_unicode and os is a stream that refers to a
-  //    terminal capable of displaying Unicode which is determined in an
-  //    implementation-defined manner, writes out to the terminal using the
-  //    native Unicode API; if out contains invalid code units, the behavior is
-  //    undefined and implementations are encouraged to diagnose it. If the
-  //    native Unicode API is used, the function flushes os before writing out.
-  //
-  // This is the path for the native API, start with flushing.
-  __os.flush();
-
-#      ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  try {
-#      endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-    ostream::sentry __s(__os);
-    if (__s) {
-#      ifndef _LIBCPP_WIN32API
-      __print::__vprint_unicode_posix(__file, __fmt, __args, __write_nl, true);
-#      elif !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_WIDE_CHARACTERS)
-    __print::__vprint_unicode_windows(__file, __fmt, __args, __write_nl, true);
-#      else
-#        error "Windows builds with wchar_t disabled are not supported."
-#      endif
-    }
-
-#      ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-  } catch (...) {
-    __os.__set_badbit_and_consider_rethrow();
-  }
-#      endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_EXCEPTIONS
-#    endif   // _LIBCPP_AVAILABILITY_HAS_PRINT
-}
-
-template <class = void> // TODO PRINT template or availability markup fires too eagerly (http://llvm.org/PR61563).
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline void vprint_unicode(ostream& __os, string_view __fmt, format_args __args) {
-  std::__vprint_unicode(__os, __fmt, __args, false);
-}
-#  endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE
-
-template <class... _Args>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void print(ostream& __os, format_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args) {
-#  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE
-  if constexpr (__print::__use_unicode_execution_charset)
-    std::__vprint_unicode(__os, __fmt.get(), std::make_format_args(__args...), false);
-  else
-    std::__vprint_nonunicode(__os, __fmt.get(), std::make_format_args(__args...), false);
-#  else  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE
-  std::__vprint_nonunicode(__os, __fmt.get(), std::make_format_args(__args...), false);
-#  endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE
-}
-
-template <class... _Args>
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void println(ostream& __os, format_string<_Args...> __fmt, _Args&&... __args) {
-#  ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE
-  // Note the wording in the Standard is inefficient. The output of
-  // std::format is a std::string which is then copied. This solution
-  // just appends a newline at the end of the output.
-  if constexpr (__print::__use_unicode_execution_charset)
-    std::__vprint_unicode(__os, __fmt.get(), std::make_format_args(__args...), true);
-  else
-    std::__vprint_nonunicode(__os, __fmt.get(), std::make_format_args(__args...), true);
-#  else  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE
-  std::__vprint_nonunicode(__os, __fmt.get(), std::make_format_args(__args...), true);
-#  endif // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_UNICODE
-}
-
-template <class = void> // TODO PRINT template or availability markup fires too eagerly (http://llvm.org/PR61563).
-_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI inline void println(ostream& __os) { std::print(__os, "\n"); }
-
-#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
-
-_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
-
-_LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
-
 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES) && _LIBCPP_STD_VER <= 20
 #  include <atomic>
 #  include <concepts>
+#  include <cstdio>
 #  include <cstdlib>
 #  include <iosfwd>
 #  include <iterator>