[libc] Add implementation of few floating point manipulation functions.

Implementations of copysign[f], frexp[f], logb[f], and modf[f] are added.

Reviewers: asteinhauser

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D81134

GitOrigin-RevId: 118c13c691a5b3b0c5760061a89d5ef7a319c15b
34 files changed