[llvm][llvm-objdump] Fix fatbin handling on 32-bit systems (#141620)

Which fixes a test failure seen on the bots, introduced by
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/140286.
```
[ RUN      ] OffloadingBundleTest.checkExtractOffloadBundleFatBinary
ObjectTests: ../llvm/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/StringRef.h:618: StringRef llvm::StringRef::drop_front(size_t) const: Assertion `size() >= N && "Dropping more elements than exist"' failed.
0 0x0a24a990 llvm::sys::PrintStackTrace(llvm::raw_ostream&, int) (/home/tcwg-buildbot/worker/clang-armv8-quick/stage1/unittests/Object/./ObjectTests+0x31a990)
1 0x0a248364 llvm::sys::RunSignalHandlers() (/home/tcwg-buildbot/worker/clang-armv8-quick/stage1/unittests/Object/./ObjectTests+0x318364)
2 0x0a24b410 SignalHandler(int, siginfo_t*, void*) Signals.cpp:0:0
3 0xf46ed6f0 __default_rt_sa_restorer ./signal/../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/arm/sigrestorer.S:80:0
4 0xf46ddb06 ./csu/../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/arm/libc-do-syscall.S:47:0
5 0xf471d292 __pthread_kill_implementation ./nptl/pthread_kill.c:44:76
6 0xf46ec840 gsignal ./signal/../sysdeps/posix/raise.c:27:6
```
Also reported on 32-bit x86.

I think the cause is the code was casting the result of StringRef.find
into an int64_t. The failure value of find is StringRef::npos, which is
defined as:
static constexpr size_t npos = ~size_t(0);

* size_t(0) is 32 bits of 0s
* the inverse of that is 32 bits of 1s
* Cast to int64_t needs to widen this, and it will preserve the original
value in doing so, which is 0xffffffff.
* The result is 0x00000000ffffffff, which is >= 0, so we keep searching
and try to go off the end of the file.

Or put another way, this equivalent function returns true when compiled
for a 32-bit system:
```
bool fn() {
    size_t foo = ~size_t(0);
    int64_t foo64 = (int64_t)foo;
    return foo64 >= 0;
}
```

Using size_t throughout fixes the problem. Also I don't see a reason it
needs to be a signed number, given that it always searches forward from
the current offset.
1 file changed
tree: 6cfcff60a01f9e10a0da59683ddcdbe6a33b30c6
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. flang-rt/
  11. libc/
  12. libclc/
  13. libcxx/
  14. libcxxabi/
  15. libunwind/
  16. lld/
  17. lldb/
  18. llvm/
  19. llvm-libgcc/
  20. mlir/
  21. offload/
  22. openmp/
  23. polly/
  24. pstl/
  25. runtimes/
  26. third-party/
  27. utils/
  28. .clang-format
  29. .clang-format-ignore
  30. .clang-tidy
  31. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  32. .gitattributes
  33. .gitignore
  34. .mailmap
  35. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  36. CONTRIBUTING.md
  37. LICENSE.TXT
  38. pyproject.toml
  39. README.md
  40. SECURITY.md
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