[Clang] prevent crash on invalid nested name specifiers with a single colon (#169246)

Fixes #167905

--- 

This patch addresses an issue where invalid nested name specifier
sequences containing a single colon (`a:c::`) could be treated during
recovery as valid scope specifiers, which in turn led to a crash


https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/c543615744d61e0967b956c402e310946d741570/clang/lib/Parse/ParseExprCXX.cpp#L404-L418


For malformed inputs like `a:c::`, the single colon recovery incorrectly
triggers and produces an `annot_cxxscope`. When tentative parsing later
runs


https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/996213c6ea0dc2e47624c6b06c0833a882c1c1f7/clang/lib/Parse/ParseTentative.cpp#L1739-L1740

the classifier returns `Ambiguous`, which doesn't stop parsing. The
parser then enters the


https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/996213c6ea0dc2e47624c6b06c0833a882c1c1f7/clang/lib/Parse/ParseTentative.cpp#L1750-L1752

and consumes the invalid scope annotation, eventually reaching `EOF` and
crashing.
4 files changed
tree: 15d5af0acacefe6cde4e2e48a9bb11f395c77195
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. flang-rt/
  11. libc/
  12. libclc/
  13. libcxx/
  14. libcxxabi/
  15. libsycl/
  16. libunwind/
  17. lld/
  18. lldb/
  19. llvm/
  20. llvm-libgcc/
  21. mlir/
  22. offload/
  23. openmp/
  24. orc-rt/
  25. polly/
  26. runtimes/
  27. third-party/
  28. utils/
  29. .clang-format
  30. .clang-format-ignore
  31. .clang-tidy
  32. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  33. .gitattributes
  34. .gitignore
  35. .mailmap
  36. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  37. CONTRIBUTING.md
  38. LICENSE.TXT
  39. pyproject.toml
  40. README.md
  41. SECURITY.md
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