[mlir][IR] Move `match` and `rewrite` functions into separate class (#129861)

The vast majority of rewrite / conversion patterns uses a combined
`matchAndRewrite` instead of separate `match` and `rewrite` functions.

This PR optimizes the code base for the most common case where users
implement a combined `matchAndRewrite`. There are no longer any `match`
and `rewrite` functions in `RewritePattern`, `ConversionPattern` and
their derived classes. Instead, there is a `SplitMatchAndRewriteImpl`
class that implements `matchAndRewrite` in terms of `match` and
`rewrite`.

Details:
* The `RewritePattern` and `ConversionPattern` classes are simpler
(fewer functions). Especially the `ConversionPattern` class, which now
has 5 fewer functions. (There were various `rewrite` overloads to
account for 1:1 / 1:N patterns.)
* There is a new class `SplitMatchAndRewriteImpl` that derives from
`RewritePattern` / `OpRewritePatern` / ..., along with a type alias
`RewritePattern::SplitMatchAndRewrite` for convenience.
* Fewer `llvm_unreachable` are needed throughout the code base. Instead,
we can use pure virtual functions. (In cases where users previously had
to implement `rewrite` or `matchAndRewrite`, etc.)
* This PR may also improve the number of [`-Woverload-virtual`
warnings](https://discourse.llvm.org/t/matchandrewrite-hiding-virtual-functions/84933)
that are produced by GCC. (To be confirmed...)

Note for LLVM integration: Patterns with separate `match` / `rewrite`
implementations, must derive from `X::SplitMatchAndRewrite` instead of
`X`.

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Co-authored-by: River Riddle <riddleriver@gmail.com>