[WebAssembly] Add more lowerings for wide-arithmetic (#132430)

This commit is the result of investigation and discussion on
WebAssembly/wide-arithmetic#6 where alternatives to the `i64.add128`
instruction were discussed but ultimately deferred to a future proposal.
In spite of this though I wanted to apply a few changes to the LLVM
backend here with `wide-arithmetic` enabled for a few minor changes:

* A lowering for the `ISD::UADDO` node is added which uses `add128`
where the upper bits of the two operands are constant zeros and the
result of the 128-bit addition is the result of the overflowing
addition.
* The high bits of a `I64_ADD128` node are now flagged as "known zero"
if the upper bits of the inputs are also zero, assisting this `UADDO`
lowering to ensure the backend knows that the carry result is a 1-bit
result.

A few tests were then added to showcase various lowerings for various
operations that can be done with wide-arithmetic. They don't all
optimize super well at this time but I wanted to add them as a reference
here regardless to have them on-hand for future evaluations if
necessary.
3 files changed
tree: 0c68728afc1360a158e0cfe151e4bf34dbf2aae3
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. flang-rt/
  11. libc/
  12. libclc/
  13. libcxx/
  14. libcxxabi/
  15. libunwind/
  16. lld/
  17. lldb/
  18. llvm/
  19. llvm-libgcc/
  20. mlir/
  21. offload/
  22. openmp/
  23. polly/
  24. pstl/
  25. runtimes/
  26. third-party/
  27. utils/
  28. .clang-format
  29. .clang-tidy
  30. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  31. .gitattributes
  32. .gitignore
  33. .mailmap
  34. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  35. CONTRIBUTING.md
  36. LICENSE.TXT
  37. pyproject.toml
  38. README.md
  39. SECURITY.md
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