[LLDB] Add SBProgress so Python scripts can also report progress (#119052)

Recently I've been working on a lot of internal Python tooling, and in
certain cases I want to report async to the script over DAP. Progress.h
already handles this, so I've exposed Progress via the SB API so Python
scripts can also update progress objects.

I actually have no idea how to test this, so I just wrote a [toy command
to test
it](https://gist.github.com/Jlalond/48d85e75a91f7a137e3142e6a13d0947)


![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7317cbb8-9145-4fdb-bacf-9864bf50c467)

I also copied the first section of the extensive Progress.h class
documentation to the docstrings.
10 files changed
tree: f7d81657a79f07bcf2ba2c7365243bf7ed9d0f74
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. libc/
  11. libclc/
  12. libcxx/
  13. libcxxabi/
  14. libunwind/
  15. lld/
  16. lldb/
  17. llvm/
  18. llvm-libgcc/
  19. mlir/
  20. offload/
  21. openmp/
  22. polly/
  23. pstl/
  24. runtimes/
  25. third-party/
  26. utils/
  27. .clang-format
  28. .clang-tidy
  29. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  30. .gitattributes
  31. .gitignore
  32. .mailmap
  33. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  34. CONTRIBUTING.md
  35. LICENSE.TXT
  36. pyproject.toml
  37. README.md
  38. SECURITY.md
README.md

The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure

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