[msan] Mark allocator padding as uninitialized, with new origin tag (#157187)

This is follow-up work per discussion in
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/155944#discussion_r2311688571.

If the allocator reserves more space than the user requested (e.g.,
`malloc(7)` and `calloc(7,1)` actually have 16 bytes reserved), the
padding bytes will now be marked as uninitialized.

Padding poisoning is controlled by the existing flag `poison_in_malloc`
(which applies to all allocation functions, not only malloc).

Origin tag:
- For `calloc` or with track-origins > 1, the origin will be set as a
new tag, `ALLOC_PADDING`
- Otherwise, the existing `ALLOC` tag will be used.
- In the case of ambiguity caused by origin granularity, `ALLOC` will
take precedence.
5 files changed
tree: 0df5682ca3973d0bb0e382caa42ddfc687da4348
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. flang-rt/
  11. libc/
  12. libclc/
  13. libcxx/
  14. libcxxabi/
  15. libsycl/
  16. libunwind/
  17. lld/
  18. lldb/
  19. llvm/
  20. llvm-libgcc/
  21. mlir/
  22. offload/
  23. openmp/
  24. orc-rt/
  25. polly/
  26. runtimes/
  27. third-party/
  28. utils/
  29. .clang-format
  30. .clang-format-ignore
  31. .clang-tidy
  32. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  33. .gitattributes
  34. .gitignore
  35. .mailmap
  36. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  37. CONTRIBUTING.md
  38. LICENSE.TXT
  39. pyproject.toml
  40. README.md
  41. SECURITY.md
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