[clang] Fix a use-after free in ASTContext::getSubstBuiltinTemplatePack (#160970)

ASTContext::getSubstBuiltinTemplatePack finds InsertPos and then calls
itself
recursively, which may lead to rehashing and invalidation of all
pointers to
buckets. The function then proceeds with using the potentially invalid
InsertPos, leading to use-after-free.

The issue goes back to https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/157662.

I didn't manage to produce a reasonably-sized test case yet.
1 file changed
tree: 55ab4697c1950296c87f353dae44f1c505c9c789
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. flang-rt/
  11. libc/
  12. libclc/
  13. libcxx/
  14. libcxxabi/
  15. libsycl/
  16. libunwind/
  17. lld/
  18. lldb/
  19. llvm/
  20. llvm-libgcc/
  21. mlir/
  22. offload/
  23. openmp/
  24. orc-rt/
  25. polly/
  26. runtimes/
  27. third-party/
  28. utils/
  29. .clang-format
  30. .clang-format-ignore
  31. .clang-tidy
  32. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  33. .gitattributes
  34. .gitignore
  35. .mailmap
  36. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  37. CONTRIBUTING.md
  38. LICENSE.TXT
  39. pyproject.toml
  40. README.md
  41. SECURITY.md
README.md

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