compiler-rt/lib/asan/asan_errors.cpp - llvm-project - Git at Google

 //===-- asan_errors.cpp -----------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
 //
 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 //
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 //
 // This file is a part of AddressSanitizer, an address sanity checker.
 //
 // ASan implementation for error structures.
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

 #include "asan_errors.h"
 #include "asan_descriptions.h"
 #include "asan_mapping.h"
 #include "asan_report.h"
 #include "asan_stack.h"
 #include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_stackdepot.h"

 namespace __asan {

 static void OnStackUnwind(const SignalContext &sig,
                           const void *callback_context,
                           BufferedStackTrace *stack) {
   bool fast = common_flags()->fast_unwind_on_fatal;
 #if SANITIZER_FREEBSD || SANITIZER_NETBSD
   // On FreeBSD the slow unwinding that leverages _Unwind_Backtrace()
   // yields the call stack of the signal's handler and not of the code
   // that raised the signal (as it does on Linux).
   fast = true;
 #endif
   // Tests and maybe some users expect that scariness is going to be printed
   // just before the stack. As only asan has scariness score we have no
   // corresponding code in the sanitizer_common and we use this callback to
   // print it.
   static_cast<const ScarinessScoreBase *>(callback_context)->Print();
   stack->Unwind(StackTrace::GetNextInstructionPc(sig.pc), sig.bp, sig.context,
                 fast);
 }

 void ErrorDeadlySignal::Print() {
   ReportDeadlySignal(signal, tid, &OnStackUnwind, &scariness);
 }

 void ErrorDoubleFree::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: attempting %s on %p in thread %s:\n",
          scariness.GetDescription(), (void *)addr_description.addr,
          AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   scariness.Print();
   GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(second_free_stack->trace[0],
                         second_free_stack->top_frame_bp);
   stack.Print();
   addr_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
 }

 void ErrorNewDeleteTypeMismatch::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s on %p in thread %s:\n",
          scariness.GetDescription(), (void *)addr_description.addr,
          AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s  object passed to delete has wrong type:\n", d.Default());
   if (delete_size != 0) {
     Printf(
         "  size of the allocated type:   %zd bytes;\n"
         "  size of the deallocated type: %zd bytes.\n",
         addr_description.chunk_access.chunk_size, delete_size);
   }
   const uptr user_alignment =
       addr_description.chunk_access.user_requested_alignment;
   if (delete_alignment != user_alignment) {
     char user_alignment_str[32];
     char delete_alignment_str[32];
     internal_snprintf(user_alignment_str, sizeof(user_alignment_str),
                       "%zd bytes", user_alignment);
     internal_snprintf(delete_alignment_str, sizeof(delete_alignment_str),
                       "%zd bytes", delete_alignment);
     static const char *kDefaultAlignment = "default-aligned";
     Printf(
         "  alignment of the allocated type:   %s;\n"
         "  alignment of the deallocated type: %s.\n",
         user_alignment > 0 ? user_alignment_str : kDefaultAlignment,
         delete_alignment > 0 ? delete_alignment_str : kDefaultAlignment);
   }
   CHECK_GT(free_stack->size, 0);
   scariness.Print();
   GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(free_stack->trace[0], free_stack->top_frame_bp);
   stack.Print();
   addr_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
   Report(
       "HINT: if you don't care about these errors you may set "
       "ASAN_OPTIONS=new_delete_type_mismatch=0\n");
 }

 void ErrorFreeNotMalloced::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: attempting free on address "
       "which was not malloc()-ed: %p in thread %s\n",
       (void *)addr_description.Address(), AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   CHECK_GT(free_stack->size, 0);
   scariness.Print();
   GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(free_stack->trace[0], free_stack->top_frame_bp);
   stack.Print();
   addr_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
 }

 void ErrorAllocTypeMismatch::Print() {
   static const char *alloc_names[] = {"INVALID", "malloc", "operator new",
                                       "operator new []"};
   static const char *dealloc_names[] = {"INVALID", "free", "operator delete",
                                         "operator delete []"};
   CHECK_NE(alloc_type, dealloc_type);
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s (%s vs %s) on %p\n",
          scariness.GetDescription(), alloc_names[alloc_type],
          dealloc_names[dealloc_type], (void *)addr_description.Address());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   CHECK_GT(dealloc_stack->size, 0);
   scariness.Print();
   GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(dealloc_stack->trace[0], dealloc_stack->top_frame_bp);
   stack.Print();
   addr_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
   Report(
       "HINT: if you don't care about these errors you may set "
       "ASAN_OPTIONS=alloc_dealloc_mismatch=0\n");
 }

 void ErrorMallocUsableSizeNotOwned::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: attempting to call malloc_usable_size() for "
       "pointer which is not owned: %p\n",
       (void *)addr_description.Address());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   addr_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorSanitizerGetAllocatedSizeNotOwned::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: attempting to call "
       "__sanitizer_get_allocated_size() for pointer which is not owned: %p\n",
       (void *)addr_description.Address());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   addr_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorCallocOverflow::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: calloc parameters overflow: count * size "
       "(%zd * %zd) cannot be represented in type size_t (thread %s)\n",
       count, size, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorReallocArrayOverflow::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: reallocarray parameters overflow: count * size "
       "(%zd * %zd) cannot be represented in type size_t (thread %s)\n",
       count, size, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorPvallocOverflow::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: pvalloc parameters overflow: size 0x%zx "
       "rounded up to system page size 0x%zx cannot be represented in type "
       "size_t (thread %s)\n",
       size, GetPageSizeCached(), AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorInvalidAllocationAlignment::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: invalid allocation alignment: %zd, "
       "alignment must be a power of two (thread %s)\n",
       alignment, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorInvalidAlignedAllocAlignment::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
 #if SANITIZER_POSIX
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: invalid alignment requested in "
          "aligned_alloc: %zd, alignment must be a power of two and the "
          "requested size 0x%zx must be a multiple of alignment "
          "(thread %s)\n", alignment, size, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
 #else
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: invalid alignment requested in "
          "aligned_alloc: %zd, the requested size 0x%zx must be a multiple of "
          "alignment (thread %s)\n", alignment, size,
          AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
 #endif
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorInvalidPosixMemalignAlignment::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: invalid alignment requested in posix_memalign: "
       "%zd, alignment must be a power of two and a multiple of sizeof(void*) "
       "== %zd (thread %s)\n",
       alignment, sizeof(void *), AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorAllocationSizeTooBig::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: requested allocation size 0x%zx (0x%zx after "
       "adjustments for alignment, red zones etc.) exceeds maximum supported "
       "size of 0x%zx (thread %s)\n",
       user_size, total_size, max_size, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorRssLimitExceeded::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: specified RSS limit exceeded, currently set to "
       "soft_rss_limit_mb=%zd\n", common_flags()->soft_rss_limit_mb);
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorOutOfMemory::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: allocator is out of memory trying to allocate "
       "0x%zx bytes\n", requested_size);
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   stack->Print();
   PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorStringFunctionMemoryRangesOverlap::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   char bug_type[100];
   internal_snprintf(bug_type, sizeof(bug_type), "%s-param-overlap", function);
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s: memory ranges [%p,%p) and [%p, %p) "
       "overlap\n",
       bug_type, (void *)addr1_description.Address(),
       (void *)(addr1_description.Address() + length1),
       (void *)addr2_description.Address(),
       (void *)(addr2_description.Address() + length2));
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   scariness.Print();
   stack->Print();
   addr1_description.Print();
   addr2_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(bug_type, stack);
 }

 void ErrorStringFunctionSizeOverflow::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s: (size=%zd)\n",
          scariness.GetDescription(), size);
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   scariness.Print();
   stack->Print();
   addr_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorBadParamsToAnnotateContiguousContainer::Print() {
   Report(
       "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: bad parameters to "
       "__sanitizer_annotate_contiguous_container:\n"
       "      beg     : %p\n"
       "      end     : %p\n"
       "      old_mid : %p\n"
       "      new_mid : %p\n",
       (void *)beg, (void *)end, (void *)old_mid, (void *)new_mid);
   uptr granularity = SHADOW_GRANULARITY;
   if (!IsAligned(beg, granularity))
     Report("ERROR: beg is not aligned by %zu\n", granularity);
   stack->Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
 }

 void ErrorODRViolation::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s (%p):\n", scariness.GetDescription(),
          (void *)global1.beg);
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   InternalScopedString g1_loc;
   InternalScopedString g2_loc;
   PrintGlobalLocation(&g1_loc, global1);
   PrintGlobalLocation(&g2_loc, global2);
   Printf("  [1] size=%zd '%s' %s\n", global1.size,
          MaybeDemangleGlobalName(global1.name), g1_loc.data());
   Printf("  [2] size=%zd '%s' %s\n", global2.size,
          MaybeDemangleGlobalName(global2.name), g2_loc.data());
   if (stack_id1 && stack_id2) {
     Printf("These globals were registered at these points:\n");
     Printf("  [1]:\n");
     StackDepotGet(stack_id1).Print();
     Printf("  [2]:\n");
     StackDepotGet(stack_id2).Print();
   }
   Report(
       "HINT: if you don't care about these errors you may set "
       "ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_odr_violation=0\n");
   InternalScopedString error_msg;
   error_msg.append("%s: global '%s' at %s", scariness.GetDescription(),
                    MaybeDemangleGlobalName(global1.name), g1_loc.data());
   ReportErrorSummary(error_msg.data());
 }

 void ErrorInvalidPointerPair::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s: %p %p\n", scariness.GetDescription(),
          (void *)addr1_description.Address(),
          (void *)addr2_description.Address());
   Printf("%s", d.Default());
   GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(pc, bp);
   stack.Print();
   addr1_description.Print();
   addr2_description.Print();
   ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
 }

 static bool AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(u8 *s) {
   return s[-1] > 127 && s[1] > 127;
 }

 ErrorGeneric::ErrorGeneric(u32 tid, uptr pc_, uptr bp_, uptr sp_, uptr addr,
                            bool is_write_, uptr access_size_)
     : ErrorBase(tid),
       addr_description(addr, access_size_, /*shouldLockThreadRegistry=*/false),
       pc(pc_),
       bp(bp_),
       sp(sp_),
       access_size(access_size_),
       is_write(is_write_),
       shadow_val(0) {
   scariness.Clear();
   if (access_size) {
     if (access_size <= 9) {
       char desr[] = "?-byte";
       desr[0] = '0' + access_size;
       scariness.Scare(access_size + access_size / 2, desr);
     } else if (access_size >= 10) {
       scariness.Scare(15, "multi-byte");
     }
     is_write ? scariness.Scare(20, "write") : scariness.Scare(1, "read");

     // Determine the error type.
     bug_descr = "unknown-crash";
     if (AddrIsInMem(addr)) {
       u8 *shadow_addr = (u8 *)MemToShadow(addr);
       // If we are accessing 16 bytes, look at the second shadow byte.
       if (*shadow_addr == 0 && access_size > SHADOW_GRANULARITY) shadow_addr++;
       // If we are in the partial right redzone, look at the next shadow byte.
       if (*shadow_addr > 0 && *shadow_addr < 128) shadow_addr++;
       bool far_from_bounds = false;
       shadow_val = *shadow_addr;
       int bug_type_score = 0;
       // For use-after-frees reads are almost as bad as writes.
       int read_after_free_bonus = 0;
       switch (shadow_val) {
         case kAsanHeapLeftRedzoneMagic:
         case kAsanArrayCookieMagic:
           bug_descr = "heap-buffer-overflow";
           bug_type_score = 10;
           far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
           break;
         case kAsanHeapFreeMagic:
           bug_descr = "heap-use-after-free";
           bug_type_score = 20;
           if (!is_write) read_after_free_bonus = 18;
           break;
         case kAsanStackLeftRedzoneMagic:
           bug_descr = "stack-buffer-underflow";
           bug_type_score = 25;
           far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
           break;
         case kAsanInitializationOrderMagic:
           bug_descr = "initialization-order-fiasco";
           bug_type_score = 1;
           break;
         case kAsanStackMidRedzoneMagic:
         case kAsanStackRightRedzoneMagic:
           bug_descr = "stack-buffer-overflow";
           bug_type_score = 25;
           far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
           break;
         case kAsanStackAfterReturnMagic:
           bug_descr = "stack-use-after-return";
           bug_type_score = 30;
           if (!is_write) read_after_free_bonus = 18;
           break;
         case kAsanUserPoisonedMemoryMagic:
           bug_descr = "use-after-poison";
           bug_type_score = 20;
           break;
         case kAsanContiguousContainerOOBMagic:
           bug_descr = "container-overflow";
           bug_type_score = 10;
           break;
         case kAsanStackUseAfterScopeMagic:
           bug_descr = "stack-use-after-scope";
           bug_type_score = 10;
           break;
         case kAsanGlobalRedzoneMagic:
           bug_descr = "global-buffer-overflow";
           bug_type_score = 10;
           far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
           break;
         case kAsanIntraObjectRedzone:
           bug_descr = "intra-object-overflow";
           bug_type_score = 10;
           break;
         case kAsanAllocaLeftMagic:
         case kAsanAllocaRightMagic:
           bug_descr = "dynamic-stack-buffer-overflow";
           bug_type_score = 25;
           far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
           break;
       }
       scariness.Scare(bug_type_score + read_after_free_bonus, bug_descr);
       if (far_from_bounds) scariness.Scare(10, "far-from-bounds");
     }
   }
 }

 static void PrintContainerOverflowHint() {
   Printf("HINT: if you don't care about these errors you may set "
          "ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_container_overflow=0.\n"
          "If you suspect a false positive see also: "
          "https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/"
          "AddressSanitizerContainerOverflow.\n");
 }

 static void PrintShadowByte(InternalScopedString *str, const char *before,
     u8 byte, const char *after = "\n") {
   PrintMemoryByte(str, before, byte, /*in_shadow*/true, after);
 }

 static void PrintLegend(InternalScopedString *str) {
   str->append(
       "Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents %d "
       "application bytes):\n",
       (int)SHADOW_GRANULARITY);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Addressable:           ", 0);
   str->append("  Partially addressable: ");
   for (u8 i = 1; i < SHADOW_GRANULARITY; i++) PrintShadowByte(str, "", i, " ");
   str->append("\n");
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Heap left redzone:       ",
                   kAsanHeapLeftRedzoneMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Freed heap region:       ", kAsanHeapFreeMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Stack left redzone:      ",
                   kAsanStackLeftRedzoneMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Stack mid redzone:       ",
                   kAsanStackMidRedzoneMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Stack right redzone:     ",
                   kAsanStackRightRedzoneMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Stack after return:      ",
                   kAsanStackAfterReturnMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Stack use after scope:   ",
                   kAsanStackUseAfterScopeMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Global redzone:          ", kAsanGlobalRedzoneMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Global init order:       ",
                   kAsanInitializationOrderMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Poisoned by user:        ",
                   kAsanUserPoisonedMemoryMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Container overflow:      ",
                   kAsanContiguousContainerOOBMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Array cookie:            ",
                   kAsanArrayCookieMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Intra object redzone:    ",
                   kAsanIntraObjectRedzone);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  ASan internal:           ", kAsanInternalHeapMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Left alloca redzone:     ", kAsanAllocaLeftMagic);
   PrintShadowByte(str, "  Right alloca redzone:    ", kAsanAllocaRightMagic);
 }

 static void PrintShadowBytes(InternalScopedString *str, const char *before,
                              u8 *bytes, u8 *guilty, uptr n) {
   Decorator d;
   if (before)
     str->append("%s%p:", before, (void *)bytes);
   for (uptr i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     u8 *p = bytes + i;
     const char *before =
         p == guilty ? "[" : (p - 1 == guilty && i != 0) ? "" : " ";
     const char *after = p == guilty ? "]" : "";
     PrintShadowByte(str, before, *p, after);
   }
   str->append("\n");
 }

 static void PrintShadowMemoryForAddress(uptr addr) {
   if (!AddrIsInMem(addr)) return;
   uptr shadow_addr = MemToShadow(addr);
   const uptr n_bytes_per_row = 16;
   uptr aligned_shadow = shadow_addr & ~(n_bytes_per_row - 1);
   InternalScopedString str;
   str.append("Shadow bytes around the buggy address:\n");
   for (int i = -5; i <= 5; i++) {
     uptr row_shadow_addr = aligned_shadow + i * n_bytes_per_row;
     // Skip rows that would be outside the shadow range. This can happen when
     // the user address is near the bottom, top, or shadow gap of the address
     // space.
     if (!AddrIsInShadow(row_shadow_addr)) continue;
     const char *prefix = (i == 0) ? "=>" : "  ";
     PrintShadowBytes(&str, prefix, (u8 *)row_shadow_addr, (u8 *)shadow_addr,
                      n_bytes_per_row);
   }
   if (flags()->print_legend) PrintLegend(&str);
   Printf("%s", str.data());
 }

 void ErrorGeneric::Print() {
   Decorator d;
   Printf("%s", d.Error());
   uptr addr = addr_description.Address();
   Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s on address %p at pc %p bp %p sp %p\n",
          bug_descr, (void *)addr, (void *)pc, (void *)bp, (void *)sp);
   Printf("%s", d.Default());

   Printf("%s%s of size %zu at %p thread %s%s\n", d.Access(),
          access_size ? (is_write ? "WRITE" : "READ") : "ACCESS", access_size,
          (void *)addr, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str(), d.Default());

   scariness.Print();
   GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(pc, bp);
   stack.Print();

   // Pass bug_descr because we have a special case for
   // initialization-order-fiasco
   addr_description.Print(bug_descr);
   if (shadow_val == kAsanContiguousContainerOOBMagic)
     PrintContainerOverflowHint();
   ReportErrorSummary(bug_descr, &stack);
   PrintShadowMemoryForAddress(addr);
 }

 }  // namespace __asan
	//===-- asan_errors.cpp ------------------------------------------ C++ --===//
	//
	// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
	// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
	// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
	//
	//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
	//
	// This file is a part of AddressSanitizer, an address sanity checker.
	//
	// ASan implementation for error structures.
	//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

	#include "asan_errors.h"
	#include "asan_descriptions.h"
	#include "asan_mapping.h"
	#include "asan_report.h"
	#include "asan_stack.h"
	#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_stackdepot.h"

	namespace __asan {

	static void OnStackUnwind(const SignalContext &sig,
	const void *callback_context,
	BufferedStackTrace *stack) {
	bool fast = common_flags()->fast_unwind_on_fatal;
	#if SANITIZER_FREEBSD \|\| SANITIZER_NETBSD
	// On FreeBSD the slow unwinding that leverages _Unwind_Backtrace()
	// yields the call stack of the signal's handler and not of the code
	// that raised the signal (as it does on Linux).
	fast = true;
	#endif
	// Tests and maybe some users expect that scariness is going to be printed
	// just before the stack. As only asan has scariness score we have no
	// corresponding code in the sanitizer_common and we use this callback to
	// print it.
	static_cast<const ScarinessScoreBase *>(callback_context)->Print();
	stack->Unwind(StackTrace::GetNextInstructionPc(sig.pc), sig.bp, sig.context,
	fast);
	}

	void ErrorDeadlySignal::Print() {
	ReportDeadlySignal(signal, tid, &OnStackUnwind, &scariness);
	}

	void ErrorDoubleFree::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: attempting %s on %p in thread %s:\n",
	scariness.GetDescription(), (void *)addr_description.addr,
	AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	scariness.Print();
	GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(second_free_stack->trace[0],
	second_free_stack->top_frame_bp);
	stack.Print();
	addr_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
	}

	void ErrorNewDeleteTypeMismatch::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s on %p in thread %s:\n",
	scariness.GetDescription(), (void *)addr_description.addr,
	AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s object passed to delete has wrong type:\n", d.Default());
	if (delete_size != 0) {
	Printf(
	" size of the allocated type: %zd bytes;\n"
	" size of the deallocated type: %zd bytes.\n",
	addr_description.chunk_access.chunk_size, delete_size);
	}
	const uptr user_alignment =
	addr_description.chunk_access.user_requested_alignment;
	if (delete_alignment != user_alignment) {
	char user_alignment_str[32];
	char delete_alignment_str[32];
	internal_snprintf(user_alignment_str, sizeof(user_alignment_str),
	"%zd bytes", user_alignment);
	internal_snprintf(delete_alignment_str, sizeof(delete_alignment_str),
	"%zd bytes", delete_alignment);
	static const char *kDefaultAlignment = "default-aligned";
	Printf(
	" alignment of the allocated type: %s;\n"
	" alignment of the deallocated type: %s.\n",
	user_alignment > 0 ? user_alignment_str : kDefaultAlignment,
	delete_alignment > 0 ? delete_alignment_str : kDefaultAlignment);
	}
	CHECK_GT(free_stack->size, 0);
	scariness.Print();
	GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(free_stack->trace[0], free_stack->top_frame_bp);
	stack.Print();
	addr_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
	Report(
	"HINT: if you don't care about these errors you may set "
	"ASAN_OPTIONS=new_delete_type_mismatch=0\n");
	}

	void ErrorFreeNotMalloced::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: attempting free on address "
	"which was not malloc()-ed: %p in thread %s\n",
	(void *)addr_description.Address(), AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	CHECK_GT(free_stack->size, 0);
	scariness.Print();
	GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(free_stack->trace[0], free_stack->top_frame_bp);
	stack.Print();
	addr_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
	}

	void ErrorAllocTypeMismatch::Print() {
	static const char *alloc_names[] = {"INVALID", "malloc", "operator new",
	"operator new []"};
	static const char *dealloc_names[] = {"INVALID", "free", "operator delete",
	"operator delete []"};
	CHECK_NE(alloc_type, dealloc_type);
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s (%s vs %s) on %p\n",
	scariness.GetDescription(), alloc_names[alloc_type],
	dealloc_names[dealloc_type], (void *)addr_description.Address());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	CHECK_GT(dealloc_stack->size, 0);
	scariness.Print();
	GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(dealloc_stack->trace[0], dealloc_stack->top_frame_bp);
	stack.Print();
	addr_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
	Report(
	"HINT: if you don't care about these errors you may set "
	"ASAN_OPTIONS=alloc_dealloc_mismatch=0\n");
	}

	void ErrorMallocUsableSizeNotOwned::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: attempting to call malloc_usable_size() for "
	"pointer which is not owned: %p\n",
	(void *)addr_description.Address());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	addr_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorSanitizerGetAllocatedSizeNotOwned::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: attempting to call "
	"__sanitizer_get_allocated_size() for pointer which is not owned: %p\n",
	(void *)addr_description.Address());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	addr_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorCallocOverflow::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: calloc parameters overflow: count * size "
	"(%zd * %zd) cannot be represented in type size_t (thread %s)\n",
	count, size, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorReallocArrayOverflow::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: reallocarray parameters overflow: count * size "
	"(%zd * %zd) cannot be represented in type size_t (thread %s)\n",
	count, size, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorPvallocOverflow::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: pvalloc parameters overflow: size 0x%zx "
	"rounded up to system page size 0x%zx cannot be represented in type "
	"size_t (thread %s)\n",
	size, GetPageSizeCached(), AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorInvalidAllocationAlignment::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: invalid allocation alignment: %zd, "
	"alignment must be a power of two (thread %s)\n",
	alignment, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorInvalidAlignedAllocAlignment::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	#if SANITIZER_POSIX
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: invalid alignment requested in "
	"aligned_alloc: %zd, alignment must be a power of two and the "
	"requested size 0x%zx must be a multiple of alignment "
	"(thread %s)\n", alignment, size, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	#else
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: invalid alignment requested in "
	"aligned_alloc: %zd, the requested size 0x%zx must be a multiple of "
	"alignment (thread %s)\n", alignment, size,
	AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	#endif
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorInvalidPosixMemalignAlignment::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: invalid alignment requested in posix_memalign: "
	"%zd, alignment must be a power of two and a multiple of sizeof(void*) "
	"== %zd (thread %s)\n",
	alignment, sizeof(void *), AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorAllocationSizeTooBig::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: requested allocation size 0x%zx (0x%zx after "
	"adjustments for alignment, red zones etc.) exceeds maximum supported "
	"size of 0x%zx (thread %s)\n",
	user_size, total_size, max_size, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorRssLimitExceeded::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: specified RSS limit exceeded, currently set to "
	"soft_rss_limit_mb=%zd\n", common_flags()->soft_rss_limit_mb);
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorOutOfMemory::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: allocator is out of memory trying to allocate "
	"0x%zx bytes\n", requested_size);
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	stack->Print();
	PrintHintAllocatorCannotReturnNull();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorStringFunctionMemoryRangesOverlap::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	char bug_type[100];
	internal_snprintf(bug_type, sizeof(bug_type), "%s-param-overlap", function);
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s: memory ranges [%p,%p) and [%p, %p) "
	"overlap\n",
	bug_type, (void *)addr1_description.Address(),
	(void *)(addr1_description.Address() + length1),
	(void *)addr2_description.Address(),
	(void *)(addr2_description.Address() + length2));
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	scariness.Print();
	stack->Print();
	addr1_description.Print();
	addr2_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(bug_type, stack);
	}

	void ErrorStringFunctionSizeOverflow::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s: (size=%zd)\n",
	scariness.GetDescription(), size);
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	scariness.Print();
	stack->Print();
	addr_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorBadParamsToAnnotateContiguousContainer::Print() {
	Report(
	"ERROR: AddressSanitizer: bad parameters to "
	"__sanitizer_annotate_contiguous_container:\n"
	" beg : %p\n"
	" end : %p\n"
	" old_mid : %p\n"
	" new_mid : %p\n",
	(void )beg, (void )end, (void )old_mid, (void )new_mid);
	uptr granularity = SHADOW_GRANULARITY;
	if (!IsAligned(beg, granularity))
	Report("ERROR: beg is not aligned by %zu\n", granularity);
	stack->Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), stack);
	}

	void ErrorODRViolation::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s (%p):\n", scariness.GetDescription(),
	(void *)global1.beg);
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	InternalScopedString g1_loc;
	InternalScopedString g2_loc;
	PrintGlobalLocation(&g1_loc, global1);
	PrintGlobalLocation(&g2_loc, global2);
	Printf(" [1] size=%zd '%s' %s\n", global1.size,
	MaybeDemangleGlobalName(global1.name), g1_loc.data());
	Printf(" [2] size=%zd '%s' %s\n", global2.size,
	MaybeDemangleGlobalName(global2.name), g2_loc.data());
	if (stack_id1 && stack_id2) {
	Printf("These globals were registered at these points:\n");
	Printf(" [1]:\n");
	StackDepotGet(stack_id1).Print();
	Printf(" [2]:\n");
	StackDepotGet(stack_id2).Print();
	}
	Report(
	"HINT: if you don't care about these errors you may set "
	"ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_odr_violation=0\n");
	InternalScopedString error_msg;
	error_msg.append("%s: global '%s' at %s", scariness.GetDescription(),
	MaybeDemangleGlobalName(global1.name), g1_loc.data());
	ReportErrorSummary(error_msg.data());
	}

	void ErrorInvalidPointerPair::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s: %p %p\n", scariness.GetDescription(),
	(void *)addr1_description.Address(),
	(void *)addr2_description.Address());
	Printf("%s", d.Default());
	GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(pc, bp);
	stack.Print();
	addr1_description.Print();
	addr2_description.Print();
	ReportErrorSummary(scariness.GetDescription(), &stack);
	}

	static bool AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(u8 *s) {
	return s[-1] > 127 && s[1] > 127;
	}

	ErrorGeneric::ErrorGeneric(u32 tid, uptr pc_, uptr bp_, uptr sp_, uptr addr,
	bool is_write_, uptr access_size_)
	: ErrorBase(tid),
	addr_description(addr, access_size_, /shouldLockThreadRegistry=/false),
	pc(pc_),
	bp(bp_),
	sp(sp_),
	access_size(access_size_),
	is_write(is_write_),
	shadow_val(0) {
	scariness.Clear();
	if (access_size) {
	if (access_size <= 9) {
	char desr[] = "?-byte";
	desr[0] = '0' + access_size;
	scariness.Scare(access_size + access_size / 2, desr);
	} else if (access_size >= 10) {
	scariness.Scare(15, "multi-byte");
	}
	is_write ? scariness.Scare(20, "write") : scariness.Scare(1, "read");

	// Determine the error type.
	bug_descr = "unknown-crash";
	if (AddrIsInMem(addr)) {
	u8 shadow_addr = (u8 )MemToShadow(addr);
	// If we are accessing 16 bytes, look at the second shadow byte.
	if (*shadow_addr == 0 && access_size > SHADOW_GRANULARITY) shadow_addr++;
	// If we are in the partial right redzone, look at the next shadow byte.
	if (shadow_addr > 0 && shadow_addr < 128) shadow_addr++;
	bool far_from_bounds = false;
	shadow_val = *shadow_addr;
	int bug_type_score = 0;
	// For use-after-frees reads are almost as bad as writes.
	int read_after_free_bonus = 0;
	switch (shadow_val) {
	case kAsanHeapLeftRedzoneMagic:
	case kAsanArrayCookieMagic:
	bug_descr = "heap-buffer-overflow";
	bug_type_score = 10;
	far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
	break;
	case kAsanHeapFreeMagic:
	bug_descr = "heap-use-after-free";
	bug_type_score = 20;
	if (!is_write) read_after_free_bonus = 18;
	break;
	case kAsanStackLeftRedzoneMagic:
	bug_descr = "stack-buffer-underflow";
	bug_type_score = 25;
	far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
	break;
	case kAsanInitializationOrderMagic:
	bug_descr = "initialization-order-fiasco";
	bug_type_score = 1;
	break;
	case kAsanStackMidRedzoneMagic:
	case kAsanStackRightRedzoneMagic:
	bug_descr = "stack-buffer-overflow";
	bug_type_score = 25;
	far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
	break;
	case kAsanStackAfterReturnMagic:
	bug_descr = "stack-use-after-return";
	bug_type_score = 30;
	if (!is_write) read_after_free_bonus = 18;
	break;
	case kAsanUserPoisonedMemoryMagic:
	bug_descr = "use-after-poison";
	bug_type_score = 20;
	break;
	case kAsanContiguousContainerOOBMagic:
	bug_descr = "container-overflow";
	bug_type_score = 10;
	break;
	case kAsanStackUseAfterScopeMagic:
	bug_descr = "stack-use-after-scope";
	bug_type_score = 10;
	break;
	case kAsanGlobalRedzoneMagic:
	bug_descr = "global-buffer-overflow";
	bug_type_score = 10;
	far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
	break;
	case kAsanIntraObjectRedzone:
	bug_descr = "intra-object-overflow";
	bug_type_score = 10;
	break;
	case kAsanAllocaLeftMagic:
	case kAsanAllocaRightMagic:
	bug_descr = "dynamic-stack-buffer-overflow";
	bug_type_score = 25;
	far_from_bounds = AdjacentShadowValuesAreFullyPoisoned(shadow_addr);
	break;
	}
	scariness.Scare(bug_type_score + read_after_free_bonus, bug_descr);
	if (far_from_bounds) scariness.Scare(10, "far-from-bounds");
	}
	}
	}

	static void PrintContainerOverflowHint() {
	Printf("HINT: if you don't care about these errors you may set "
	"ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_container_overflow=0.\n"
	"If you suspect a false positive see also: "
	"https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/"
	"AddressSanitizerContainerOverflow.\n");
	}

	static void PrintShadowByte(InternalScopedString str, const char before,
	u8 byte, const char *after = "\n") {
	PrintMemoryByte(str, before, byte, /in_shadow/true, after);
	}

	static void PrintLegend(InternalScopedString *str) {
	str->append(
	"Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents %d "
	"application bytes):\n",
	(int)SHADOW_GRANULARITY);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Addressable: ", 0);
	str->append(" Partially addressable: ");
	for (u8 i = 1; i < SHADOW_GRANULARITY; i++) PrintShadowByte(str, "", i, " ");
	str->append("\n");
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Heap left redzone: ",
	kAsanHeapLeftRedzoneMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Freed heap region: ", kAsanHeapFreeMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Stack left redzone: ",
	kAsanStackLeftRedzoneMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Stack mid redzone: ",
	kAsanStackMidRedzoneMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Stack right redzone: ",
	kAsanStackRightRedzoneMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Stack after return: ",
	kAsanStackAfterReturnMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Stack use after scope: ",
	kAsanStackUseAfterScopeMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Global redzone: ", kAsanGlobalRedzoneMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Global init order: ",
	kAsanInitializationOrderMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Poisoned by user: ",
	kAsanUserPoisonedMemoryMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Container overflow: ",
	kAsanContiguousContainerOOBMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Array cookie: ",
	kAsanArrayCookieMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Intra object redzone: ",
	kAsanIntraObjectRedzone);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " ASan internal: ", kAsanInternalHeapMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Left alloca redzone: ", kAsanAllocaLeftMagic);
	PrintShadowByte(str, " Right alloca redzone: ", kAsanAllocaRightMagic);
	}

	static void PrintShadowBytes(InternalScopedString str, const char before,
	u8 bytes, u8 guilty, uptr n) {
	Decorator d;
	if (before)
	str->append("%s%p:", before, (void *)bytes);
	for (uptr i = 0; i < n; i++) {
	u8 *p = bytes + i;
	const char *before =
	p == guilty ? "[" : (p - 1 == guilty && i != 0) ? "" : " ";
	const char *after = p == guilty ? "]" : "";
	PrintShadowByte(str, before, *p, after);
	}
	str->append("\n");
	}

	static void PrintShadowMemoryForAddress(uptr addr) {
	if (!AddrIsInMem(addr)) return;
	uptr shadow_addr = MemToShadow(addr);
	const uptr n_bytes_per_row = 16;
	uptr aligned_shadow = shadow_addr & ~(n_bytes_per_row - 1);
	InternalScopedString str;
	str.append("Shadow bytes around the buggy address:\n");
	for (int i = -5; i <= 5; i++) {
	uptr row_shadow_addr = aligned_shadow + i * n_bytes_per_row;
	// Skip rows that would be outside the shadow range. This can happen when
	// the user address is near the bottom, top, or shadow gap of the address
	// space.
	if (!AddrIsInShadow(row_shadow_addr)) continue;
	const char *prefix = (i == 0) ? "=>" : " ";
	PrintShadowBytes(&str, prefix, (u8 )row_shadow_addr, (u8 )shadow_addr,
	n_bytes_per_row);
	}
	if (flags()->print_legend) PrintLegend(&str);
	Printf("%s", str.data());
	}

	void ErrorGeneric::Print() {
	Decorator d;
	Printf("%s", d.Error());
	uptr addr = addr_description.Address();
	Report("ERROR: AddressSanitizer: %s on address %p at pc %p bp %p sp %p\n",
	bug_descr, (void )addr, (void )pc, (void )bp, (void )sp);
	Printf("%s", d.Default());

	Printf("%s%s of size %zu at %p thread %s%s\n", d.Access(),
	access_size ? (is_write ? "WRITE" : "READ") : "ACCESS", access_size,
	(void *)addr, AsanThreadIdAndName(tid).c_str(), d.Default());

	scariness.Print();
	GET_STACK_TRACE_FATAL(pc, bp);
	stack.Print();

	// Pass bug_descr because we have a special case for
	// initialization-order-fiasco
	addr_description.Print(bug_descr);
	if (shadow_val == kAsanContiguousContainerOOBMagic)
	PrintContainerOverflowHint();
	ReportErrorSummary(bug_descr, &stack);
	PrintShadowMemoryForAddress(addr);
	}

	} // namespace __asan