[GitHub][CI] Add clang-tidy premerge workflow (#154829)

**KEY POINTS**

- MVP workflow to automatically lint C++ files, located **only** in
`clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy`. It's chosen this way as
`clang-tools-extra/clang-tidy` is almost 100% `clang-tidy` complaint,
thus we would automatically enforce a [high quality standard for
clang-tidy source
code](https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-create-hardened-clang-tidy-config-for-clang-tidy-directory/87247).
(https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/147793)
- Implementation is very similar to code-format job, but without the
ability to run `code-lint-helper.py` locally.

**FOUND ISSUES** + open questions

- Speed: it takes ~ 1m40sec to download and unpack `clang-tidy` plus
additional ~4 mins to configure and CodeGen targets. I see that
`premerge.yaml` runs on special `llvm-premerge-linux-runners` runners
which can use `sccache` for speed. Can we use the same runners for this
job? Exact timings can be found
[here](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/actions/runs/17135749067/job/48611150680?pr=154223).

**TO DO**
 
- Place common components from `code-lint-helper.py` and
`code-format-helper.py` into a separate file and reuse it in both CI's.
- Compute CodeGen targets based on `projects_to_build`, for now
`clang-tablegen-targets` is hardcoded for `clang-tools-extra/`.
- Automatically generate and upload `.yaml` for
`clang-apply-replacements`
- Create an RFC with a plan how to enable `clang-tidy` in other projects
so that Maintainers of LLVM components could choose if they want
`clang-tidy` or not.
- Add more linters like `pylint`, `ruff` in the future.
5 files changed
tree: f311cc37a6e61fa388b259b4c70092d442ef230f
  1. .ci/
  2. .github/
  3. bolt/
  4. clang/
  5. clang-tools-extra/
  6. cmake/
  7. compiler-rt/
  8. cross-project-tests/
  9. flang/
  10. flang-rt/
  11. libc/
  12. libclc/
  13. libcxx/
  14. libcxxabi/
  15. libsycl/
  16. libunwind/
  17. lld/
  18. lldb/
  19. llvm/
  20. llvm-libgcc/
  21. mlir/
  22. offload/
  23. openmp/
  24. orc-rt/
  25. polly/
  26. runtimes/
  27. third-party/
  28. utils/
  29. .clang-format
  30. .clang-format-ignore
  31. .clang-tidy
  32. .git-blame-ignore-revs
  33. .gitattributes
  34. .gitignore
  35. .mailmap
  36. CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
  37. CONTRIBUTING.md
  38. LICENSE.TXT
  39. pyproject.toml
  40. README.md
  41. SECURITY.md
README.md

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