llvm-gcc-4.2/libstdc++-v3/docs/html/ext/pb_ds/priority_queue_text_push_timing_test.html - llvm-archive - Git at Google

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 <head>
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 <title>Priority Queue Text Push Timing Test</title>
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 <body>
 <div id="page">
 <h1>Priority Queue Text <tt>push</tt> Timing Test</h1>
 <h2><a name="description" id="description">Description</a></h2>
 <p>This test inserts a number of values with keys from an
     arbitrary text ([ <a href="references.html#wickland96thirty">wickland96thirty</a> ]) into
     a container using <tt>push</tt> . It measures the average time
     for <tt>push</tt> as a function of the number of values
     pushed.</p>
 <p>(The test was executed with <a href="../../../../testsuite/performance/ext/pb_ds/priority_queue_text_push_timing.cc"><tt>priority_queue_text_push_timing_test</tt></a>
     thirty_years_among_the_dead_preproc.txt 200 200 2100)</p>
 <h2><a name="purpose" id="purpose">Purpose</a></h2>
 <p>The test checks the effect of different underlying
     data structures (see <a href="pq_design.html#pq_imp">Design::Priority
     Queues::Implementations</a>).</p>
 <h2><a name="results" id="results">Results</a></h2>
 <p>Figures <a href="#NPG">NPG</a>, <a href="#NPM">NPM</a>, and
     <a href="#NPL">NPL</a> show the results for the native priority
     queues and <tt>pb_ds</tt> 's priority queues in <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#gcc"><u>g++</u></a>, <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#msvc"><u>msvc++</u></a>, and
     <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#local"><u>local</u></a>,
     respectively; Figures <a href="#NBRG">NBRG</a>, <a href="#NBRM">NBRM</a>, and <a href="#NBRL">NBRL</a> shows the
     results for the binary-heap based native priority queues and
     <tt>pb_ds</tt>'s pairing-heap priority queues in <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#gcc"><u>g++</u></a>, <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#msvc"><u>msvc++</u></a>, and
     <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#local"><u>local</u></a>,
     respectively</p>
 <div id="NPG_res_div">
 <div id="NPG_gcc">
 <div id="NPG_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
 <div id="NPG_pq">
 <div id="NPG_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style="border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NPG" id="NPG"><img src="priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_gcc.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NPG: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#gcc">g++</a><p>In the above figure, the names in the legends have the following meaning:</p>
 <ol>
 <li>
 n_pq_vector-
 <tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::vector</tt></li>
 <li>
 n_pq_deque-
 <tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::deque</tt></li>
 <li>
 binary_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="binary_heap_tag.html"><tt>binary_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 rc_binomial_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="rc_binomial_heap_tag.html"><tt>rc_binomial_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 thin_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="thin_heap_tag.html"><tt>thin_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 binomial_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="binomial_heap_tag.html"><tt>binomial_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 pairing_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </div><div style="width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div id="NPM_res_div">
 <div id="NPM_msvc">
 <div id="NPM_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
 <div id="NPM_pq">
 <div id="NPM_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style="border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NPM" id="NPM"><img src="priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_msvc.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NPM: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#msvc">msvc++</a><p>In the above figure, the names in the legends have the following meaning:</p>
 <ol>
 <li>
 n_pq_deque-
 <tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::deque</tt></li>
 <li>
 rc_binomial_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="rc_binomial_heap_tag.html"><tt>rc_binomial_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 binary_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="binary_heap_tag.html"><tt>binary_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 binomial_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="binomial_heap_tag.html"><tt>binomial_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 n_pq_vector-
 <tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::vector</tt></li>
 <li>
 pairing_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 thin_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="thin_heap_tag.html"><tt>thin_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </div><div style="width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div id="NPL_res_div">
 <div id="NPL_local">
 <div id="NPL_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
 <div id="NPL_pq">
 <div id="NPL_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style = "border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NPL" id= "NPL"><img src="priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_local.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NPL: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href = "pq_performance_tests.html#local">local</a></div><div style = "width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div id="NBRG_res_div">
 <div id="NBRG_gcc">
 <div id="NBRG_pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
 <div id="NBRG_pq">
 <div id="NBRG_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__pairing_priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style="border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NBRG" id="NBRG"><img src="pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_gcc.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NBRG: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> pairing priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#gcc">g++</a><p>In the above figure, the names in the legends have the following meaning:</p>
 <ol>
 <li>
 n_pq_vector-
 <tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::vector</tt></li>
 <li>
 n_pq_deque-
 <tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::deque</tt></li>
 <li>
 thin_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="thin_heap_tag.html"><tt>thin_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 pairing_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </div><div style="width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div id="NBRM_res_div">
 <div id="NBRM_msvc">
 <div id="NBRM_pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
 <div id="NBRM_pq">
 <div id="NBRM_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__pairing_priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style="border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NBRM" id="NBRM"><img src="pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_msvc.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NBRM: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> pairing priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#msvc">msvc++</a><p>In the above figure, the names in the legends have the following meaning:</p>
 <ol>
 <li>
 n_pq_deque-
 <tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::deque</tt></li>
 <li>
 n_pq_vector-
 <tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::vector</tt></li>
 <li>
 pairing_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 <li>
 thin_heap-
 <a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
  with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="thin_heap_tag.html"><tt>thin_heap_tag</tt></a>
 </li>
 </ol>
 </div><div style="width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div id="NBRL_res_div">
 <div id="NBRL_local">
 <div id="NBRL_pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
 <div id="NBRL_pq">
 <div id="NBRL_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__pairing_priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style = "border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NBRL" id= "NBRL"><img src="pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_local.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NBRL: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> pairing priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href = "pq_performance_tests.html#local">local</a></div><div style = "width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <h2><a name="observations" id="observations">Observations</a></h2>
 <p>Pairing heaps (<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a> with
     <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>)
     are the most suited for sequences of <tt>push</tt> and
     <tt>pop</tt> operations of non-primitive types (<i>e.g.</i>
 <tt>std::string</tt>s). (see also <a href="priority_queue_text_push_pop_timing_test.html">Priority Queue
     Text <tt>push</tt> and <tt>pop</tt> Timing Test</a>.) They are
     less constrained than binomial heaps, <i>e.g.</i>, and since
     they are node-based, they outperform binary heaps. (See
     <a href="priority_queue_random_int_push_timing_test.html">Priority
     Queue Random Integer <tt>push</tt> Timing Test</a> for the case
     of primitive types.)</p>
 <p>The STL's priority queues do not seem to perform well in
     this case: the <tt>std::vector</tt> implementation needs to
     perform a logarithmic sequence of string operations for each
     operation, and the deque implementation is possibly hampered by
     its need to manipulate a relatively-complex type (deques
     support a <i>O(1)</i> <tt>push_front</tt>, even though it is
     not used by <tt>std::priority_queue</tt>.)</p>
 <p><a href="pq_performance_tests.html#pq_observations">Priority-Queue
     Performance Tests::Observations</a> discusses this further and
     summarizes.</p>
 </div>
 </body>
 </html>
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	"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

	<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
	<head>
	<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy for Linux/x86 (vers 12 April 2005), see www.w3.org" />
	<title>Priority Queue Text Push Timing Test</title>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii" />
	</head>
	<body>
	<div id="page">
	<h1>Priority Queue Text <tt>push</tt> Timing Test</h1>
	<h2><a name="description" id="description">Description</a></h2>
	<p>This test inserts a number of values with keys from an
	arbitrary text ([ <a href="references.html#wickland96thirty">wickland96thirty</a> ]) into
	a container using <tt>push</tt> . It measures the average time
	for <tt>push</tt> as a function of the number of values
	pushed.</p>
	<p>(The test was executed with <a href="../../../../testsuite/performance/ext/pb_ds/priority_queue_text_push_timing.cc"><tt>priority_queue_text_push_timing_test</tt></a>
	thirty_years_among_the_dead_preproc.txt 200 200 2100)</p>
	<h2><a name="purpose" id="purpose">Purpose</a></h2>
	<p>The test checks the effect of different underlying
	data structures (see <a href="pq_design.html#pq_imp">Design::Priority
	Queues::Implementations</a>).</p>
	<h2><a name="results" id="results">Results</a></h2>
	<p>Figures <a href="#NPG">NPG</a>, <a href="#NPM">NPM</a>, and
	<a href="#NPL">NPL</a> show the results for the native priority
	queues and <tt>pb_ds</tt> 's priority queues in <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#gcc"><u>g++</u></a>, <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#msvc"><u>msvc++</u></a>, and
	<a href="pq_performance_tests.html#local"><u>local</u></a>,
	respectively; Figures <a href="#NBRG">NBRG</a>, <a href="#NBRM">NBRM</a>, and <a href="#NBRL">NBRL</a> shows the
	results for the binary-heap based native priority queues and
	<tt>pb_ds</tt>'s pairing-heap priority queues in <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#gcc"><u>g++</u></a>, <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#msvc"><u>msvc++</u></a>, and
	<a href="pq_performance_tests.html#local"><u>local</u></a>,
	respectively</p>
	<div id="NPG_res_div">
	<div id="NPG_gcc">
	<div id="NPG_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
	<div id="NPG_pq">
	<div id="NPG_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style="border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NPG" id="NPG"><img src="priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_gcc.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NPG: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#gcc">g++</a><p>In the above figure, the names in the legends have the following meaning:</p>
	<ol>
	<li>
	n_pq_vector-
	<tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::vector</tt></li>
	<li>
	n_pq_deque-
	<tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::deque</tt></li>
	<li>
	binary_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="binary_heap_tag.html"><tt>binary_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	rc_binomial_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="rc_binomial_heap_tag.html"><tt>rc_binomial_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	thin_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="thin_heap_tag.html"><tt>thin_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	binomial_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="binomial_heap_tag.html"><tt>binomial_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	pairing_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</div><div style="width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	<div id="NPM_res_div">
	<div id="NPM_msvc">
	<div id="NPM_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
	<div id="NPM_pq">
	<div id="NPM_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style="border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NPM" id="NPM"><img src="priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_msvc.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NPM: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#msvc">msvc++</a><p>In the above figure, the names in the legends have the following meaning:</p>
	<ol>
	<li>
	n_pq_deque-
	<tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::deque</tt></li>
	<li>
	rc_binomial_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="rc_binomial_heap_tag.html"><tt>rc_binomial_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	binary_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="binary_heap_tag.html"><tt>binary_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	binomial_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="binomial_heap_tag.html"><tt>binomial_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	n_pq_vector-
	<tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::vector</tt></li>
	<li>
	pairing_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	thin_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="thin_heap_tag.html"><tt>thin_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</div><div style="width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	<div id="NPL_res_div">
	<div id="NPL_local">
	<div id="NPL_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
	<div id="NPL_pq">
	<div id="NPL_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style = "border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NPL" id= "NPL"><img src="priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_local.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NPL: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href = "pq_performance_tests.html#local">local</a></div><div style = "width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	<div id="NBRG_res_div">
	<div id="NBRG_gcc">
	<div id="NBRG_pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
	<div id="NBRG_pq">
	<div id="NBRG_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__pairing_priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style="border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NBRG" id="NBRG"><img src="pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_gcc.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NBRG: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> pairing priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#gcc">g++</a><p>In the above figure, the names in the legends have the following meaning:</p>
	<ol>
	<li>
	n_pq_vector-
	<tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::vector</tt></li>
	<li>
	n_pq_deque-
	<tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::deque</tt></li>
	<li>
	thin_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="thin_heap_tag.html"><tt>thin_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	pairing_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</div><div style="width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	<div id="NBRM_res_div">
	<div id="NBRM_msvc">
	<div id="NBRM_pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
	<div id="NBRM_pq">
	<div id="NBRM_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__pairing_priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style="border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NBRM" id="NBRM"><img src="pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_msvc.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NBRM: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> pairing priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href="pq_performance_tests.html#msvc">msvc++</a><p>In the above figure, the names in the legends have the following meaning:</p>
	<ol>
	<li>
	n_pq_deque-
	<tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::deque</tt></li>
	<li>
	n_pq_vector-
	<tt>std::priority_queue</tt> adapting <tt>std::vector</tt></li>
	<li>
	pairing_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	<li>
	thin_heap-
	<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a>
	with <tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="thin_heap_tag.html"><tt>thin_heap_tag</tt></a>
	</li>
	</ol>
	</div><div style="width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	</div>
	<div id="NBRL_res_div">
	<div id="NBRL_local">
	<div id="NBRL_pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test">
	<div id="NBRL_pq">
	<div id="NBRL_Native_and__tt_pb_ds_455tt__pairing_priority_queue__tt_push_455tt__timing_test"><div style = "border-style: dotted; border-width: 1px; border-color: lightgray"><h6 class="c1"><a name="NBRL" id= "NBRL"><img src="pairing_priority_queue_text_push_timing_test_local.png" alt="no image" /></a></h6>NBRL: Native and <tt>pb ds</tt> pairing priority queue <tt>push</tt> timing test - <a href = "pq_performance_tests.html#local">local</a></div><div style = "width: 100%; height: 20px"></div></div>
	</div>
	</div>
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	<h2><a name="observations" id="observations">Observations</a></h2>
	<p>Pairing heaps (<a href="priority_queue.html"><tt>priority_queue</tt></a> with
	<tt>Tag</tt> = <a href="pairing_heap_tag.html"><tt>pairing_heap_tag</tt></a>)
	are the most suited for sequences of <tt>push</tt> and
	<tt>pop</tt> operations of non-primitive types (<i>e.g.</i>
	<tt>std::string</tt>s). (see also <a href="priority_queue_text_push_pop_timing_test.html">Priority Queue
	Text <tt>push</tt> and <tt>pop</tt> Timing Test</a>.) They are
	less constrained than binomial heaps, <i>e.g.</i>, and since
	they are node-based, they outperform binary heaps. (See
	<a href="priority_queue_random_int_push_timing_test.html">Priority
	Queue Random Integer <tt>push</tt> Timing Test</a> for the case
	of primitive types.)</p>
	<p>The STL's priority queues do not seem to perform well in
	this case: the <tt>std::vector</tt> implementation needs to
	perform a logarithmic sequence of string operations for each
	operation, and the deque implementation is possibly hampered by
	its need to manipulate a relatively-complex type (deques
	support a <i>O(1)</i> <tt>push_front</tt>, even though it is
	not used by <tt>std::priority_queue</tt>.)</p>
	<p><a href="pq_performance_tests.html#pq_observations">Priority-Queue
	Performance Tests::Observations</a> discusses this further and
	summarizes.</p>
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